ReviewNature reviews. Urology2023
Principles and outcomes of gender-affirming vaginoplasty.
Review in Nature reviews. Urology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Squamous cell carcinoma of the neovagina following transgender woman gender-affirming vaginoplasty: a case report and systematic review.International journal of impotence research · 2025Pooled it
- Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation for Transgender and Nonbinary Patients Following Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty: A Scoping Review.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Analysis of surgical complications and risk factors in genital feminization surgery: a retrospective cohort study of 407 transgender women.Sexual medicine · 2025Article
- Surgical Experience and Outcome Evaluation of Genital Gender Affirmation Surgery for Transgender Female in China: A Case Series.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Considerations for the Treatment of Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals in Colon and Rectal Surgery.Clinics in colon and rectal surgery · 2025Review
- Enhanced Recovery Protocol Decreases Postoperative Opioid Use after Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Article
- A Simple and Effective Approach to Defatting Large Surface Area Full-thickness Skin Grafts.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Penile Microdissection: A Live Donor Feasibility Study in Feminizing Gender-Affirming Surgery.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for restoring sexual function after gender-affirming genital reconstruction: a hypothesis.Therapeutic advances in urologyReview
- Do we urologists know enough about gender minorities with prostate cancer?International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaginoplasty is the most frequently performed gender-affirming genital surgery for gender-diverse people with genital gender incongruence. The procedure is performed to create an aesthetic and functional vulva and vaginal canal that enables receptive intercourse, erogenous clitoral sensation and a downward-directed urine stream. Penile inversion vaginoplasty (PIV) is a single surgical procedure involving anatomical component rearrangement of the penis and scrotum that enables many patients to meet these anatomical goals. Other options include minimal-depth, peritoneal and intestinal vaginoplasty. Patient quality of life has been shown to improve drastically after vaginoplasty, but complication rates have been documented to be as high as 70%. Fortunately, most complications do not alter long-term postoperative clinical outcomes and can be managed without surgical intervention in the acute perioperative phase. However, major complications, such as rectal injury, rectovaginal fistula, and urethral or introital stenosis can substantially affect the patient experience. Innovations in surgical approaches and techniques have demonstrated promising early results for reducing complications and augmenting vaginal depth, but long-term data are scarce.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.