ArticleAnalytical chemistry2023
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Implemented with Multiple Harmonic Detections Successfully Maps Extracellular pH In Vivo.
Article in Analytical chemistry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reconfigurable animal bed-EPR resonator assembly for multimodal co-registration.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2026Article
- Computationally efficient 4D spectral-spatial EPR imaging.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2025Article
- Partial Acquisition of Spectral Projections Accelerates Four-dimensional Spectral-spatial EPR Imaging for Mouse Tumor Models: A Feasibility Study.Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- Highly Sensitive Detection of Melanin in Melanomas Using Multi-harmonic Low Frequency EPR.Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- Hydrophilic Reduction-Resistant Spin Labels of Pyrrolidine and Pyrroline Series from 3,4-Bis-hydroxymethyl-2,2,5,5-tetraethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular acidification indicates a metabolic shift in cancer cells and is, along with tissue hypoxia, a hallmark of tumor malignancy. Thus, non-invasive mapping of extracellular pH (pHe) is essential for researchers to understand the tumor microenvironment and to monitor tumor response to metabolism-targeting drugs. While electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been successfully used to map pHe in mouse xenograft models, this method is not sensitive enough to map pHe with a moderate amount of exogenous pH-sensitive probes. Here, we show that a modified EPR system achieves twofold higher sensitivity by using the multiple harmonic detection (MHD) method and improves the robustness of pHe mapping in mouse xenograft models. Our results demonstrate that treatment of a mouse xenograft model of human-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells with the carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitor U-104 delays tumor growth with a concurrent tendency toward further extracellular acidification. We anticipate that EPR-based pHe mapping can be expanded to monitor the response of other metabolism-targeting drugs. Furthermore, pHe monitoring can also be used for the development of improved metabolism-targeting cancer treatments.
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