Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36724324›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2023

Self-reported experiences of discrimination and incident dementia.

Michael P Bancks, Goldie S Byrd, Allison Caban-Holt, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Sarah N Forrester, Kathleen M Hayden, Susan R Heckbert, Kiarri N Kershaw, Stephen R Rapp, Bonnie C Sachs and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Considerations in Alzheimer's Disease in Women.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. A multilevel conceptual framework for dementia: from life-course mechanisms to public health strategies.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Michael P BancksDepartment of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Goldie S ByrdDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Allison Caban-HoltMaya Angelou Center for Health Equity, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Annette L FitzpatrickDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA.
Sarah N ForresterDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
Kathleen M HaydenDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Susan R HeckbertDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA.
Kiarri N KershawDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Stephen R RappDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Bonnie C SachsDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Timothy M HughesDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Wake Forest University · USUniversity of Washington · USNorthwestern University · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · US

Funding

Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR001079 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$60.1M
Subclinical Vascular Contributions to Alzheimer's Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Multisite Study of AD (Renewal)R01AG058969 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Timothy M. Hughes, YONGMEI LIU · 2018 to 2026
$33.4M
Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR001420 · NCATS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI ARD, JAMY D, FOLEY, KRISTIE L · 2015 to 2023
$32.3M
Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000040 · NCATS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GINSBERG, HENRY N · 2012 to 2015
$26.2M
Wake Forest University School of Medicine Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG072947 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHANNON L RISACHER · 2021 to 2026
$24.3M
Task Area A Core Study Operations.Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical endpoints ascertainment, study coordination activities, maintenance of the database and biosp75N92020D00001 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MCCLELLAND, ROBYN LEAGH · 2020 to 2025
$17.2M
Atrial fibrillation burden, vascular disease of the brain and cardiac MRI in MESAR01HL127659 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HECKBERT, SUSAN R · 2015 to 2018
$7.4M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00005 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WATSON, KAROL E · 2020 to 2025
$5.1M
TO EXERCISE OPTION PERIOD ONE (1) FOR TASK AREA A - MESA CORE OPERATIONS, FIELD CENTER.75N92020D00004 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI SIEGEL, JONATHAN H · 2020 to 2025
$4.5M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00006 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI PANKOW, JAMES S · 2020 to 2025
$4.4M
Cell-specific genomic features of Alzheimer's disease progressionRF1AG054474 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI DING, JINGZHONG, LIU, YONGMEI · 2017 to 2019
$4.1M
The Macrovascular and Microvascular Contributions to Alzheimer's Disease: MESA VASCADR01AG054069 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI HUGHES, TIMOTHY M. · 2016 to 2020
$3.8M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000040NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001079NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001420NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00001NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00002NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00003NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00004NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00005NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00006NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00007NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201500003CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201500003INHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095159NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095160NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095161NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095162NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095163NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095164NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095165NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095166NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095167NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095168NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095169NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL127659NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072947NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054069NIA NIH HHS R01 AG058969NIA NIH HHS R01 AG068629NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054474
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDiscrimination negatively impacts health and may contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in dementia risk.

methodsExperiences of lifetime and everyday discrimination were assessed among 6509 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants. We assessed the association of discrimination with incidence of dementia including adjustment for important risk factors, cohort attrition, and we assessed for effect modification by race/ethnicity.

resultsPrevalence of any lifetime discrimination in MESA was 42%, highest among Black adults (72%). Over a median 15.7 years of follow-up, there were 466 incident cases of dementia. Lifetime discrimination, but not everyday discrimination, was associated with incident dementia (Wald p = 0.03). Individuals reporting lifetime discrimination in ≥2 domains (compared to none) had greater risk for dementia (hazard ratio: 1.40; 95%: 1.08, 1.82) after adjustment for sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors. Associations did not differ by race/ethnicity.

conclusionsThese findings demonstrate an association of greater experiences of lifetime discrimination with incident dementia.

Indexed as

DementiaEthnicityRacismAdultBlack PeopleHumansRisk FactorsSelf Report

Identifiers

PMID36724324
PMCPMC10390651
OpenAlexW4318829085

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.