ArticleJournal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie2023
Prevalence of malocclusions in 8- and 9-year-old children in Germany-Results of the Sixth German Oral Health Study (DMS 6).
Article in Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Trends in orthodontic treatment prevalence in Switzerland : A two-decade perspective.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence for skeletal classification in orthodontics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of lateral cephalometric studies.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Age-dependent prevalence of malocclusions requiring treatment according to the KIG classification : A multipart cross-sectional study over a 10-year period from the district of Viersen/North Rhine.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Prevalence of malocclusions requiring treatment according to the KIG classification : A multipart cross-sectional study over a 20-year period in the district of Viersen/North Rhine.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2025Article
- Gender- and age-dependent prevalence of malocclusions requiring orthodontic treatment according to the KIG classification. A cross-sectional study over a 20-year-period from the district of Viersen/North rhine.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Automated classification of skeletal malocclusion in German orthodontic patients.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Early orthodontic treatment need over a 10-year period and evaluation of short-term intervention stability.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Prevalence of KIG-grades 3-5 in an orthodontic practice in North Rhine Westphalia compared with results of the DMS•6 and with KZBV data.Head & face medicine · 2024Article
- Chewing ability and associated factors in older adults in Germany. Results from GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- Frequency and severity of malocclusions in patients with statutory health insurance in a German orthodontic practice in North Rhine Westphalia - a multi-part cross-sectional study over a 20-year period.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeCurrent population-wide data on the prevalence of malocclusions in 8‑ and 9‑year-old children in Germany are not available. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to collect data on the prevalence of malocclusions in 8‑ and 9‑year-old children in Germany. The secondary objective of this study was to use this information to derive the need for orthodontic care provision.
methodsThis is an oral-epidemiological investigation and social science survey at the national level with a focus on tooth and jaw misalignment. The investigation took place between January and March 2021 at 16 study centers across Germany. All relevant data were available for the 705 study participants and were included in the statistical analysis.
resultsOverbite was the most common finding with 88.9%. Also widespread were crowding, with at least 60.9%, and lack of space, with a share of 30.9%. All other indication groups had a share below 10%. Rare (< 1%) were buccal and lingual occlusions and craniofacial abnormalities. The most severe forms of disease (Orthodontic Indication Group [Kieferorthopädische Indikationsgruppen, KIG] grade 5) were overbite (3.2%), open bite malocclusion (1.0%), undershot (0.6%), and craniofacial abnormalities (0.4%). The proportion of study participants who required orthodontic treatment, in accordance with statutory health insurance provider guidelines, was 40.4%. The proportion of study participants in principle requiring orthodontic treatment for medical reasons was 97.5%. Systemic differences in the need for orthodontic care provision relating to gender, region, or social status were not identified.
conclusionIn general, the need for care provision identified in the orthodontic indication groups corresponds to that shown in previous studies. This suggests that the need for orthodontic treatment in Germany has remained stable over the years.
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