ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2023
Choice of Survival Metric and Its Impacts on Cancer Survival Estimates for American Indian and Alaska Native People.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comorbidities among American Indian and Alaska Native People with Cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- The Landmark Series: Surgical Oncology Care in Native Americans-The Indian Health Service.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Review
- Gynecological Cancers Among American Indian and Alaska Native Women Living in the Upper Midwest, 1995-2019.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDifferent survival metrics have different applicability to clinical practice and research. We evaluated how choice of survival metric influences assessment of cancer survival among American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) people relative to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). A secondary objective was to present variations in survival among AIAN people by age, sex, stage, and Indian Health Service (IHS) region.
methodsFive-year survival was calculated using the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries Cancer in North America dataset. We calculated survival among AIAN people, compared with NHW using four approaches: (i) observed (crude) survival, (ii) cause-specific survival, (iii) relative survival using age- and sex-adjusted lifetables, and (iv) relative survival using lifetables additionally adjusted for race, geography, and socioeconomic status. For AIAN people, we evaluated how survival varied by age, stage at diagnosis, and IHS region.
resultsObserved survival methods produced the lowest estimates, and-excepting prostate cancer-cause-specific methods produced the highest survival estimates. Survival was lower among AIAN people than NHW for all methods. Among AIAN people, survival was higher among those 20-64 years, females, and tumors diagnosed at local stage. Survival varied by IHS region and cancer sites.
conclusionsThese results support the assertion that using the same methodology to compare survival estimates between racial and ethnic groups is of paramount importance, but that the choice of metric requires careful consideration of study objectives. IMPACT: These findings have the potential to impact choice of survival metric to explore disparities among AIAN people.
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