ArticleHealth promotion practice2024
The Cost of Diversity: An Analysis of Representation and Cost Barriers in Stock Photo Libraries for Health Education Materials, 2021.
Article in Health promotion practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digital Campaign to Promote COVID-19 Vaccination and Clinical Trial Participation Among Vietnamese Americans: Observational Engagement Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Observational
- Characterizing the Objective Features of Vaping Prevention Video Ads: A Content Analysis.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Representation of skin tone: The use of medical imagery in the genetic counseling profession.Journal of genetic counseling · 2025Article
- Assessing the Understandability and Actionability of Education Materials for Agricultural Workers' Health.Journal of agromedicine · 2025Article
- Article
- "You are Telling the Story Yourself": Defining and Developing Narrative Pictorial Warning Labels.Health communication · 2024Article
- Assessing Stock Photos for Farmworker Health and Safety Education Materials.Journal of agromedicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIneffective health communication can drive health disparities and limit the effectiveness of interventions to reduce them. Stock photo libraries are a critical tool for developers of patient education, health education, and intervention materials. It is not clear how well stock photo libraries represent communities bearing disproportionate burdens of disease.
methodWe conducted a search using five popular stock image libraries (Adobe Stock Images, Canva, Getty Images, Microsoft Office Image Library, and Pixabay) in November 2021 to evaluate diversity and representation in health-related stock photos. We searched for the following five key preventive health topics: healthy eating, exercising, quitting smoking, vaccination, and pregnancy. The images ( DISCUSSION: We found that it costs more to develop culturally relevant health education materials for minoritized populations and groups that do not represent high SES populations. This may hinder the development of effective communication interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.