ArticleBMC medical education2023
Development and evaluation of a portable and soft 3D-printed cast for laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy model in surgical training.
Article in BMC medical education, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- 3D printing technology in hepatobiliary surgery education: a systematic review.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A study comparing virtual reality simulation, 3D printed organ models and a combination of both for laparoscopy surgery skills acquisition.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Trial
- A randomized cohort study on the use of 3D printed models to enhance surgical training in suturing techniques.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Development and validation of a Novel 3D-printed mold-based silicone model for laparoscopic duodenal stump reinforcement suture simulation training.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Application of a glasses-free 3D laparoscopic system in radical gastrointestinal cancer surgery.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- 3D printing in medicine: bridging imaging, education, and practice.Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases · 2025Article
- Optimized reusable modular 3D-printed models of choledochal cyst to simulate laparoscopic and robotic bilioenteric anastomosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The current application of 3D printing simulator in surgical training.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLaparoscopic choledochojejunostomy (LCJ) is an essential basic skill for biliary surgeons. Therefore, we established a convenient and effective LCJ 3D printing model to evaluate whether the model could simulate the actual operation situation and determine its effectiveness and validity in surgical training.
methodsA 3D printing dry laboratory model was established to simulate LCJ. The face and content validity of the model were evaluated by six experienced biliary surgeons based on 5-point Likert scale questionnaires. A total of 15 surgeons with different levels of experience performed LCJ on the model and evaluated the structural validity of the model using the objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS). Simultaneously, the operation time of each surgery was also recorded. A study was also performed to further evaluate the learning curve of residents.
resultsThe operating space score of the model was 4.83 ± 0.41 points. The impression score of bile duct and intestinal canal was 4.33 ± 0.52 and 4.17 ± 0.41 points, respectively. The tactile sensation score of bile duct suture and intestinal canal suture was 4.00 ± 0.63 and 3.83 ± 0.41points, respectively. The OSATS score for model operation in the attending group was 29.20 ± 0.45 points, which was significantly higher than that in the fellow group (26.80 ± 1.10, P = 0.007) and the resident group (19.80 ± 1.30, P < 0.001). In addition, there was a statistical difference in operation time among surgeons of different experience levels (P < 0.05). Residents could significantly improve the surgical score and shorten the time of LCJ through repeated training.
conclusionsThe 3D printing LCJ model can simulate the real operation scenes and distinguish surgeons with different levels of experience. The model is expected to be one of the training methods for biliary tract surgery in the future.
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