ArticlePediatric research2023
Euthyroid sick syndrome and its association with complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus onset.
Article in Pediatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and short-chain fatty acid alterations in pediatric new-onset type 1 diabetes with ketoacidosis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Euthyroid Sick Syndrome as a Predictor of Hospital Stay in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Recovery of Euthyroid Sick Syndrome in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Adrenal response at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and its association with acute metabolic and kidney complications.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Observational
- Changes in thyroid hormone status following induction chemotherapy in patients with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sensitivity to thyroid hormones in children developing acute kidney injury at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Tislelizumab-induced type 1 diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with small cell lung cancer: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate (i) the prevalence and association of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) [decreased FT3 and/or FT4 and normal/decreased TSH] with severity indexes of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) onset such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and kidney damage [acute kidney injury (AKI) based on KDIGO criteria, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), renal tubular damage (RTD)], (ii) relationship between clinical/metabolic parameters at T1DM onset and thyroid hormones, and (iii) ESS as a prognostic indicator of delayed recovery from kidney damage.
methodsA total of 161 children with T1DM onset were included. RTD was defined by abnormal urinary beta-2-microglobulin and/or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and/or tubular reabsorption of phosphate <85% and/or fractional excretion of Na>2%. ATN was defined by RTD+AKI.
resultsOf 161 participants, 60 (37.3%) presented ESS. It was more prevalent in case of more severe T1DM presentation both in terms of metabolic derangement (DKA) and kidney function impairment (AKI, RTD and ATN). Only ATN, however, was associated with ESS at adjusted analysis. FT3 inversely correlated with serum triglycerides and creatinine, and urinary calcium/creatinine ratio and NGAL. Participants with euthyroidism showed earlier recovery from AKI than those with ESS. ESS spontaneously disappeared.
conclusionsESS is associated with T1DM onset severity and spontaneously disappears. ESS delayed the recovery from AKI. IMPACT: This is the first longitudinal study describing in detail the relationship between clinical/metabolic factors at type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) onset and thyroid hormones, with particular attention to the relationship between diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)-related kidney function impairment and euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS). Participants with more severe T1DM onset presentation both in terms of metabolic derangement and kidney function impairment had an increased prevalence of ESS. Children with ESS had a slower recovery from acute kidney injury compared with those without ESS. ESS spontaneously disappeared in all participants.
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