ReviewEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2023
Analysis of Multiple Causes of Death: A Review of Methods and Practices.
Review in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Post-pandemic mortality patterns and COVID-19 burden considering multiple death causes.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Mortality trends for diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease among people living with and without HIV in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020-2022.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends and Demographic Disparities in Respiratory Failure Mortality Among Adults with Chronic Liver Disease: A National Mortality Database Analysis, 1999 to 2024.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Urbanicity, Neighborhood Conditions, and Dementia Mortality.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Reclassification and weighting of multiple causes of death: US death certificates 2003-2023.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in proportional cardiovascular co-listing on cancer death certificates in the United States: a national multiple cause-of-death analysis, 1999-2020.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Pancreatitis-associated mortality in the United States: A population-based analysis of trends and disparities, 1999 to 2023.Medicine · 2026Article
- Trends in circulatory-system mortality among adults with arthrosis in the U.S.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trends in pneumothorax mortality in England (2004-2023): a population-based observational study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Re-classification and Weighting of Multiple Causes of Death: US Death Certificates 2003-2023.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Trends in Unintentional Drowning Mortality Among U.S. Adults Aged ≥25 Years, 1999-2024: A U.S. Surveillance Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The role of cardiovascular risk factors on educational and regional inequalities in mortality in Spain 2016-2022: An analysis using multiple causes of death.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Multiple cause of death during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population study In Colombia and Brazil.International journal of public health · 2026Article
- Trends, underlying-cause structure, and penetration of end-stage kidney disease involvement in U.S. mortality, 1999-2023: a multiple-cause-of-death analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Trends and disparities in neoplasm-related mortality with death-certificate-documented protein-energy malnutrition in the United States, 1999-2024: a CDC WONDER multiple cause of death study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- 56-year trends and disparities in systemic sclerosis mortality in the United States, 1968-2023: a retrospective population-based study.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Cause of death diversity in multi-group settings: an application to Latin America and the Caribbean.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- [Dementia(associated) deaths in Bavaria-analysis of comorbidities based on multiple cause of death statistics from 2020 to 2022].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Article
- Traditional Versus Contemporary Models for Identifying Causes of Maternal Death: A Population-Based Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundResearch and reporting of mortality indicators typically focus on a single underlying cause of death selected from multiple causes recorded on a death certificate. The need to incorporate the multiple causes in mortality statistics-reflecting increasing multimorbidity and complex causation patterns-is recognized internationally. This review aims to identify and appraise relevant analytical methods and practices related to multiple causes.
methodsWe searched Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from their incept ion to December 2020 without language restrictions, supplemented by consultation with international experts. Eligible articles analyzed multiple causes of death from death certificates. The process identified 4,080 items of which we reviewed 434 full-text articles.
resultsMost articles we reviewed (76%, n = 332) were published since 2001. The majority of articles examined mortality by "any- mention" of the cause of death (87%, n = 377) and assessed pairwise combinations of causes (57%, n = 245). Since 2001, applications of methods emerged to group deaths based on common cause patterns using, for example, cluster analysis (2%, n = 9), and application of multiple-cause weights to re-evaluate mortality burden (1%, n = 5). We describe multiple-cause methods applied to specific research objectives for approaches emerging recently.
conclusionThis review confirms rapidly increasing international interest in the analysis of multiple causes of death and provides the most comprehensive overview, to our knowledge, of methods and practices to date. Available multiple-cause methods are diverse but suit a range of research objectives. With greater availability of data and technology, these could be further developed and applied across a range of settings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.