ArticleJournal of neurovirology2023
Brain damage serum biomarkers induced by COVID-19 in patients from northeast Brazil.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Biomarker for Selected Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders-A Systematic Review of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- S100 Protein and Interleukin Biomarkers Among COVID-19 Subjects With and Without Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.British journal of biomedical science · 2025Pooled it
- Blood Biomarkers as Prognostic Indicators for Neurological Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- One-year longitudinal cohort study of chemosensory recovery and plasma biomarker dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 survivors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Differences in concentration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neutrophil elastase (NE), and calcium-binding protein S100B in viral diseases: a pilot study focused on normoglycemic COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation in Severe COVID-19: The Dynamics of Inflammatory and Brain Injury Markers During Hospitalization.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Prediction of serum neuritin and neuron-specific enolase for prognosis in patients with traumatic brain injury combined with spinal cord injury.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2024Article
- Neutrophil Elastase, Neuron-Specific Enolase, and S100B Protein as Potential Markers of Long-Term Complications Caused by COVID-19 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Advanced Stage of Diabetic Nephropathy (NfT2DM)-Observational Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Observational
- Oneyear longitudinal study on biomarkers of blood-brain barrier permeability in COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reactive Astrocytosis-A Potential Contributor to Increased Suicide in Long COVID-19 Patients?Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Predictive Performance of Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) for Survival after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Neurovirulent cytokines increase neuronal excitability in a model of coronavirus-induced neuroinflammation.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 and XBB variants have increased neurotropic potential over BA.1 in K18-hACE2 mice and human brain organoids.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neurological symptoms have been often reported in COVID-19 disease. In the present study, we evaluated brain damage associated with the increase of serum levels of neurological biomarkers S100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a population from Northeastern Brazil. Thirty-six healthy control (G1) individuals and 141 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Positive-COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of illness by the National Institute of Health (NIH) criteria, 76 patients with mild symptoms for COVID-19 and (G2) and 65 with acute respiratory conditions requiring supplemental oxygenation via intensive care unit (ICU) admission (G3). A follow-up study was conducted with 23 patients from G2 14 (D14) and 21 (D21) days after the onset of symptoms. Serum levels of NSE and S100B were measured using the enzyme-linked immunoassay method (ELISA). Results revealed a significant positive association between G3 patients and S100B serum expression (p = 0.0403). The serum levels of NSE were also significantly enhanced in the G3 group compared to the control (p < 0.0001) and G2 group (p < 0.0001). In addition, clinical features such as symptoms and oxygenation status were not correlated with NSE or S100B serum expression. The follow-up study demonstrated a decrease over time (21 days) in NSE serum expression (p < 0.0001). These results suggest that brain damage is followed by acute virus exposure, with no long-term effects. Future work examining COVID-19 recovery will shed light on chronic neurological damage of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.