Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36717432›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2023

Telephone Outreach Enhances Recruitment of Underrepresented Seriously Ill Patients for an Advance Care Planning Pragmatic Trial.

Aaron J Chau, Rebecca L Sudore, Ron D Hays, Chi-Hong Tseng, Anne M Walling, Maryam Rahimi, Lisa Gibbs, Kanan Patel, Fernando Javier Sanz Vidorreta, Neil S Wenger

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Aaron J ChauDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Rebecca L SudoreDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Ron D HaysUCLA Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Chi-Hong TsengUCLA Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Anne M WallingUCLA Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Maryam RahimiDepartment of Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Lisa GibbsDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Kanan PatelDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Fernando Javier Sanz VidorretaUCLA Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Neil S WengerUCLA Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. nwenger@mednet.ucla.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9884-3967

Funding

UCLA Clinical Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001881 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ARLEEN F. BROWN, ARASH NAEIM · 2016 to 2026
$118.1M
VARC CoreP30AG044281 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI REBECCA L SUDORE · 2013 to 2026
$19.9M
Mentoring Researchers in Advance Care Planning for Underrepresented Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias and Their CaregiversK24AG054415 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI REBECCA L SUDORE · 2017 to 2026
$1.7M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001881NIA NIH HHS K24 AG054415NIA NIH HHS P30 AG044281Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute PLC-1609-36291
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients experiencing systemic patterns of disadvantage, such as racial/ethnic minorities and those with limited English proficiency, are underrepresented in research. This is particularly true for large pragmatic trials of potentially sensitive research topics, such as advance care planning (ACP). It is unclear how phone outreach may affect research participation by underrepresented individuals.

objectiveTo assess the effect of phone outreach, in addition to standard mail survey recruitment, in a population-based ACP pragmatic trial at three academic health systems in California.

designRetrospective cohort study PATIENTS: Primary care patients with serious illness were mailed a survey in their preferred language. Patients who did not initially respond by mail received up to three reminder phone calls with the option of survey completion by phone. MAIN MEASURES: Effect of phone outreach on survey response rate associated with respondent demographic characteristics (e.g., Social Vulnerability Index [SVI], range 0 (low) to 1 (high)).

resultsAcross the health systems, 5998 seriously ill patients were mailed surveys. We obtained completed surveys from 1215 patients (20% response rate); 787 (65%) responded after mail alone and 428 (35%) participated only after phone outreach. Patients recruited after phone outreach compared to mail alone were more socially vulnerable (SVI 0.41 v 0.35, P < 0.001), were more likely to report being a racial/ethnic minority (35% v 28%, P = 0.006), and non-English speaking (16% v 10%, P = 0.005). Age and gender did not differ significantly. The inclusion of phone outreach resulted in a sample that better represented the baseline population than mail alone in racial/ethnic minority (28% mail alone, 30% including phone outreach, 36% baseline population), non-English language preference (10%, 12%, 15%, respectively), and SVI (0.35, 0.37, 0.38, respectively).

conclusionsPhone outreach for a population-based survey in a pragmatic trial concerning a potentially sensitive topic significantly enhanced recruitment of underrepresented seriously ill patients.

Indexed as

Advance Care PlanningEthnicityHumansMinority GroupsRetrospective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesTelephoneadvance care planningdisparitieshealth researchphone callsRDS: vulnerable populationsrecruitment

Identifiers

PMID36717432
PMCPMC10271940

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.