ReviewInternational ophthalmology2023
Implantable sustained-release drug delivery systems: a revolution for ocular therapeutics.
Review in International ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Latanoprost Acid-Brimonidine, a New Amide Prodrug for Glaucoma Management Based on the Concept of Sustained Release.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles as therapeutic agents for retinal ganglion cell degeneration: current challenges and future prospects.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Emerging innovations in ophthalmic drug delivery for diabetic retinopathy: a translational perspective.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-based delivery of MSCs and derivatives for improved diabetic retinopathy therapy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Management of submacular hemorrhage: from a case report to a comprehensive review of current treatment strategies.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Bridging Gaps in Fungal Keratitis Management: Novel Diagnostics, Drug Delivery Systems, and Gene Therapies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Local controlled release of stabilized monoclonal antibodies.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Refillable Intraocular Drug-Eluting Implant.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Sustained Drug Delivery Systems for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Pathophysiology, Drug Targeting Approaches, and Recent Developments in Nanotherapeutics.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Ophthalmic Tethered Gold Yarnball-Mediated Retained Drug Delivery for Eye Fundus Disease Treatment.Small science · 2024Article
- Hydrogel Encapsulation Techniques and Its Clinical Applications in Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine: A Systematic Review.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Polymer-Based Hydrogels Applied in Drug Delivery: An Overview.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Alternatives to Topical Glaucoma Medication for Glaucoma Management.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- PLLA Coating of Lyophilized Human Bone Allograft for Long-term Release of Antibiotics.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeDue to the inimitable anatomical structure of the eyeball and various physiological barriers, conventional ocular local administration is often complicated by apparent shortcomings, such as limited bioavailability and short drug retention. Thus, developing methods for sustainable, safe and efficient drug delivery to ocular target sites has long been an urgent need. This study briefly summarizes the barriers to ocular drug administration and various ocular drug delivery routes and highlights recent progress in ocular implantable sustained-release drug delivery systems (DDSs) to provide literature evidence for developing novel ocular implants for sustained drug delivery.
methodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of studies on ocular implantable sustained-release DDSs in PubMed and Web of Science using the following keywords: ocular, implantable and drug delivery system. More than 400 papers were extracted. Publications focused on sustained and controlled drug release were primarily considered. Experimental articles involving DDSs that cannot be implanted into the eye through surgeries and cannot be inserted into ocular tissues in solid form were excluded. Approximately 143 publications were reviewed to summarize the most current information on the subject.
resultsIn recent years, numerous ocular sustained-release DDSs using lipids, nanoparticles and hydrogels as carriers have emerged. With unique properties and systematic design, ocular implantable sustained-release DDSs are able to continuously maintain drug release, effectively sustain the therapeutic concentration in target tissues, and substantially enhance the therapeutic efficacy. Nevertheless, few ocular implantable sustained-release DDSs have been available in clinical use.
conclusionsOcular implantable sustained-release DDSs have become a new focus in the field of ocular drug development through unique designs and improvements in the materials of drug carriers, administration methods and dosage forms. With more ocular implantable sustained-release DDSs being commercialized, ocular therapeutics may be revolutionized.
Indexed as
Identifiers
36715956What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.