Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36715821›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2023

Black Mothers in Racially Segregated Neighborhoods Embodying Structural Violence: PTSD and Depressive Symptoms on the South Side of Chicago.

Ruby Mendenhall, Meggan J Lee, Steven W Cole, Rebecca Morrow, Sandra L Rodriguez-Zas, Loren Henderson, Kedir N Turi, Andrew Greenlee

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Prenatal stress and infant sleep: The role of maternal emotional distress and sensitive behavior.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Ruby MendenhallDepartment of African American Studies, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 702 S. Wright Ave, Urbana, IL, 61822, USA. rubymen@illinois.edu.
Meggan J LeeDepartment of Sociology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 702 South Wright St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
Steven W ColeDepartment of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, 11-934 Factor Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Rebecca MorrowDepartment of Criminal Justice, Tarleton State University, 1333 Washington Street, Stephenville, TX, T-0665, USA.
Sandra L Rodriguez-ZasDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 306 Animal Sciences Laboratory, 1207 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Loren HendersonSchool of Public Policy, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Public Policy Building, Fourth Floor, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA.
Kedir N TuriCenter for Asthma Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1215 21ts Ave South, 6000 Medical Center East, North Tower, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
Andrew GreenleeDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 611 Taft Drive, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USIllinois College · USNeurobehavioral Systems · USTarleton State University · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore County · USVanderbilt University Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study employs multi-level and mixed-methods approaches to examine how structural violence affects the health of low-income, single Black mothers. We use multilevel regression models to examine how feeling "trapped" in racially segregated neighborhoods with high levels of violence on the South Side of Chicago affects mothers' (N = 69) reports of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms. The relationship between feeling "trapped" and variations in expression of mRNA for the glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1 using microarray assays was also examined. The regression models revealed that feeling "trapped" significantly predicted increased mental distress in the form of PTSD, depressive symptoms, and glucocorticoid receptor gene regulation. The mothers' voices revealed a nuanced understanding about how a lack of financial resources to move out of the neighborhood creates feelings of being "trapped" in dangerous situations.

Indexed as

MothersStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticChicagoDepressionFemaleHumansReceptors, GlucocorticoidViolenceReceptors, GlucocorticoidBlack mothersGlucocorticoid receptorsMixed-methodsNeighborhood violencePTSD and depressive symptomsRacismStructural violenceTrapped

Identifiers

PMID36715821
PMCPMC9885931
OpenAlexW4318485305

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.