ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2023
Urine biomarker score captures response to induction therapy with lupus nephritis.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Renal Activity Index for Lupus Identifies Active Renal Disease and Treatment Response in Adult Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Advances in nanotechnology for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Measurements of urinary biomarkers at 2 years following a lupus nephritis flare are associated with subsequent renal outcomes.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of Multiplex Assays for Lupus Nephritis Activity Biomarkers.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- New Insights on Childhood Lupus Nephritis.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2025Review
- From acute tubular injury to tubular repair and chronic kidney diseases - KIM-1 as a promising biomarker for predicting renal tubular pathology.Current research in physiology · 2025Review
- Comparison of Histomorphological Indices Between Adult and Pediatric Patients in Response to Induction Therapy.Cureus · 2024Article
- Urinary Biomarkers for Lupus Nephritis: A Systems Biology Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Longitudinal assessment of urinary ALCAM, HPX, and PRDX6 in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for disease activity monitoring and treatment response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Flares in Lupus Nephritis: Risk Factors and Strategies for Their Prevention.Current rheumatology reports · 2023Review
- Malignant mesothelioma tumours: molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapies accompanying clinical studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Renal Activity Index for Lupus (RAIL) consists of urine protein assessment of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, adiponectin, hemopexin, and ceruloplasmin, which non-invasively identifies lupus nephritis (LN). We aimed to delineate RAIL scores with inactive versus active LN and changes over time with response to LN induction therapy.
methodsThere were 128 pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and age-matched healthy controls recruited in a prospective case control study, with kidney biopsy confirmation of LN. Laboratory and clinical information was recorded and urine collected at diagnosis and end of induction and during maintenance therapy. Response to therapy was assessed by repeat kidney biopsy or laboratory parameters. Urine was assayed for RAIL biomarkers and the RAIL score calculated.
resultsPediatric RAIL (pRAIL) scores from 128 children and young adults with SLE (with/without LN: 70/38) including 25 during LN induction therapy, differentiated clinically active LN from inactive LN or without LN, and controls (all p < 0.0017). pRAIL scores significantly decreased with complete LN remission by 1.07 ± 1.7 (p = 0.03).
conclusionsThe RAIL biomarkers differentiate LN patients based on activity of kidney disease, with decreases of ≥ 1 in pRAIL scores indicating complete response to induction therapy. Significantly lower RAIL scores in healthy controls and in SLE patients without known LN raise the possibility of subclinical kidney disease. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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