ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Thyroid autoimmunity and its negative impact on female fertility and maternal pregnancy outcomes.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Atopic dermatitis and risk of autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of thyroid autoantibody positivity in women with infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Thyroid autoimmunity and future pregnancy outcome in women of recurrent pregnancy loss: a meta-analysis.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Association ofBiomedicines · 2026Article
- Multimodal ultrasound assessment of ovarian reserve.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- In Vitro Fertilization is Essential Healthcare for Patients With Rheumatic Disease.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Review
- Correlation analysis between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity in preconception women.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Bisphenol A and its analogues in thyroid diseases: Evidence from dysfunction, autoimmunity, and cancer.iScience · 2026Review
- Opposing effects of PM2.5 on TSH levels: effect modification by thyroid peroxidase antibody status in a preconception cohort.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Thyroid autoimmunity is associated with increased uterine artery blood flow resistance and predicts adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Thyroid autoimmunity, thyroid function, and endometriosis: reproductive immune-endocrine crosstalk and causal uncertainty.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Novel Clinically Validated Machine Learning Model for Early Pregnancy Loss in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: Integrating Serum Autoantibodies and Ultrasonic Parameters.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Pregnancy Outcomes of Thyrotoxicosis During Pregnancy: A Retrospective Observational Study.Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni · 2026Article
- Association between anti-Mullerian hormone and antithyroid antibodies detectability and positivity in women assisted at a fertility clinic.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2025Article
- Determining factors associated with the number of oocytes with appropriate morphology in infertile women: A cross-sectional study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2025Article
- Effect of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The effect of TPOAb on pregnancy outcomes among people with polycystic ovary syndrome with euthyroidism undergoing in vitro fertilization.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex differences in thyroid aging and their implications in thyroid disorders: insights from gene regulatory networks.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Integrating Thyroid Autoantibodies With CA125 Enhances Diagnostic Precision for Ovarian Endometriosis: A Retrospective Study of 885 Patients.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is commonly defined as the presence of thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) and/or thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), which predisposes an individual to hypothyroidism. TAI affects nearly 10% of women of reproductive age and evokes great interest from clinicians because of its potentially negative impact on female fertility and pregnancy course. In this mini-review, we review the current literature concerning the influence of TPOAb or TPOAb/TgAb positivity without thyroid dysfunction on reproduction. TAI may negatively affect female fertility; several studies have found an increased prevalence of TAI in infertile women, especially in those with unexplained infertility and polycystic ovary syndrome. According to some observations, TAI might also be connected with premature ovarian insufficiency and endometriosis. The relationship between TAI and an increased risk of pregnancy loss is well documented. The pathophysiological background of these observations remains unclear, and researchers hypothesize on the direct infiltration of reproductive organs by thyroid antibodies, co-existence of TAI with other autoimmune diseases (either organ specific or systemic), immunological dysfunction leading to inhibition of immune tolerance, and relative thyroid hormone deficiency. Interestingly, in the current literature, better outcomes of assisted reproductive technology in women with TAI have been reported compared with those reported in earlier publications. One plausible explanation is the more widespread use of the intracytoplasmic sperm injection method. The results of randomized clinical trials have shown that levothyroxine supplementation is ineffective in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with TAI, and future research should probably be directed toward immunotherapy.
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