Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36714542›Full record

ArticleDigital health

Development of the key performance indicators for digital health interventions: A scoping review.

Maria Brenner, Arielle Weir, Margaret McCann, Carmel Doyle, Mary Hughes, Anne Moen, Martin Ingvar, Koen Nauwelaerts, Eva Turk, Catherine McCabe

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Digital health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Custom RJournal of pathology informatics · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Maria BrennerSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8779-5288
Arielle WeirHIQA, George's Court, Smithfield, Dublin, Ireland.
Margaret McCannSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-6396
Carmel DoyleSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Mary HughesSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Anne MoenInstitute for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Martin IngvarIntegrative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Koen NauwelaertsBayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Belgium, Diegem, Belgium.
Eva TurkInstitute for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Catherine McCabeSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-8580

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Digital health interventions offer new methods for delivering healthcare, with the potential to innovate healthcare services. Key performance indicators play a role in the evaluation, measurement, and improvement in healthcare quality and service performance. The aim of this scoping review was to identify current knowledge and evidence surrounding the development of key performance indicators for digital health interventions. Methods: A literature search was conducted across ten key databases: AMED - The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL - Complete, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, EMBASE, EBM Reviews - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EBM Reviews - Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, EBM Reviews - Health Technology Assessment, and IEEE Xplore. Results: Five references were eligible for the review. Two were articles on original research studies of a specific digital health intervention, and two were overviews of methods for developing digital health interventions (not specific to a single digital health intervention). All the included reports discussed the involvement of stakeholders in developing key performance indicators for digital health interventions. The step of identifying and defining the key performance indicators was completed using various methodologies, but all centred on a form of stakeholder involvement. Potential options for stakeholder involvement for key performance indicator identification include the use of an elicitation framework, a factorial survey approach, or a Delphi study. Conclusions: Few articles were identified, highlighting a significant gap in evidence-based knowledge in this domain. All the included articles discussed the involvement of stakeholders in developing key performance indicators for digital health interventions, which were performed using various methodologies. The articles acknowledged a lack of literature related to key performance indicator development for digital health interventions. To allow comparability between key performance indicator initiatives and facilitate work in the field, further research would be beneficial to develop a common methodology for key performance indicators development for digital health interventions.

Indexed as

Appsbehaviour changeDigital healthgeneralkey performance indicatorslifestylemedicinepersonalized medicinepharmacologytechnology

Identifiers

PMID36714542
PMCPMC9880566

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.