ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Checkpoint inhibitor immune-related adverse events: A focused review on autoantibodies and B cells as biomarkers, advancements and future possibilities.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real world incidence, predictors and outcomes of endocrine immune-related adverse events following immune checkpoint inhibitors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- B cells in cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Autoantibodies Drive Fcγ Receptor-Dependent Colon Inflammation During Immune Checkpoint Blockade.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Checkpoint inhibitor-induced hematologic immune-related adverse events and their association with disease recurrence in hematolymphoid malignancies: a clinical perspective.Blood research · 2026Review
- Relationship between immune-related adverse events and treatment outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Complement contributes to ICI-triggered sialadenitis and predicts ICI efficacy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- ICPi-Induced Graves' Disease with Pre-existing Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: A Case Report and Literature Review.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for gastric cancer: current status, therapeutic challenges, and future prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Impact of immune-related adverse events on treatment outcomes in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Nurse-coordinated biomarker and symptom monitoring for immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Toward nursing-integrated biomarker surveillance for immune-related adverse events during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Case Report of Acute Central Airway Obstruction Induced by Anti-PD-1 Sintilimab: Clinical Presentation and Review.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Exposure-response relationship of sintilimab in advanced gastric cancer: insights from time-dependent pharmacokinetics and biomarker integration for precision immunotherapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Type 2 immunity links eczematous and lichenoid eruptions caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2025Article
- Speckled antinuclear antibody pattern as a potential predictor for immune-related adverse events in cancer patients.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Observational
- Impact of irae characteristics on efficacy of consolidative immunotherapy following chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced thyroiditis and its potential mechanisms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Identification of B cell antigens in solid cancer: initial insights and functional implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Machine learning-based insights into circulating autoantibody dynamics and treatment outcomes in patients with NSCLC receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- From tumor to tolerance: A comprehensive review of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune-related adverse events.Asia Pacific allergy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has evolved rapidly with unprecedented treatment benefits being obtained for cancer patients, including improved patient survival. However, over half of the patients experience immune related adverse events (irAEs) or toxicities, which can be fatal, affect the quality of life of patients and potentially cause treatment interruption or cessation. Complications from these toxicities can also cause long term irreversible organ damage and other chronic health conditions. Toxicities can occur in various organ systems, with common observations in the skin, rheumatologic, gastrointestinal, hepatic, endocrine system and the lungs. These are not only challenging to manage but also difficult to detect during the early stages of treatment. Currently, no biomarker exists to predict which patients are likely to develop toxicities from ICI therapy and efforts to identify robust biomarkers are ongoing. B cells and antibodies against autologous antigens (autoantibodies) have shown promise and are emerging as markers to predict the development of irAEs in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the interplay between ICIs and toxicities in cancer patients, insights into the underlying mechanisms of irAEs, and the involvement of the humoral immune response, particularly by B cells and autoantibodies in irAE development. We also provide an appraisal of the progress, key empirical results and advances in B cell and autoantibody research as biomarkers for predicting irAEs. We conclude the review by outlining the challenges and steps required for their potential clinical application in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.