ArticleIEEE signal processing magazine2022
Interpreting Brain Biomarkers: Challenges and solutions in interpreting machine learning-based predictive neuroimaging.
Article in IEEE signal processing magazine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- P300 Event-Related Potentials as Cognitive Biomarkers in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review.Revista de neurologia · 2026Pooled it
- Artificial-Intelligence-Based Radiologic, Histopathologic, and Molecular Models for the Diagnosis and Classification of Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors: A Systematic Review and Functional Meta-Synthesis.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Neuroimaging Insights into the Public Health Burden of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review of Electroencephalography-Based Cognitive Biomarkers.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Machine Learning and Prediction in Fetal, Infant, and Toddler Neuroimaging: A Review and Primer.Biological psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Feature selection leads to divergent neurobiological interpretations of brain-based machine learning biomarkers.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Overlooked features lead to divergent neurobiological interpretations of brain-based machine learning biomarkers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Uncovering functional connectivity patterns predictive of cognition in youth using interpretable predictive modeling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Leveraging AI-Driven Neuroimaging Biomarkers for Early Detection and Social Function Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Asymmetric Inter-Hemisphere Communication Contributes to Speech Acquisition of Toddlers with Cochlear Implants.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- From Serendipity to Precision: Integrating AI, Multi-Omics, and Human-Specific Models for Personalized Neuropsychiatric Care.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Brain-based predictive modeling of mind-wandering and involuntary thought: the idiographic approach.Technology, mind, and behavior · 2025Article
- Novel brain biomarkers of obesity in young adult women based on statistical measurements of white matter tracts.PloS one · 2025Article
- Bundle-specific tractography approach for identifying white matter microstructural changes following traumatic brain injury in rats: An EpiBioS4Rx study.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Brain-age prediction: Systematic evaluation of site effects, and sample age range and size.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Triple Interactions Between the Environment, Brain, and Behavior in Children: An ABCD Study.Biological psychiatry · 2024Article
- TractGeoNet: A geometric deep learning framework for pointwise analysis of tract microstructure to predict language assessment performance.Medical image analysis · 2024Article
- Cross-cohort replicable resting-state functional connectivity in predicting symptoms and cognition of schizophrenia.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Brain-phenotype predictions can survive across diverse real-world data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Rescuing missing data in connectome-based predictive modeling.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- The challenges and prospects of brain-based prediction of behaviour.Nature human behaviour · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Predictive modeling of neuroimaging data (predictive neuroimaging) for evaluating individual differences in various behavioral phenotypes and clinical outcomes is of growing interest. However, the field is experiencing challenges regarding the interpretability of the results. Approaches to defining the specific contribution of functional connections, regions, or networks in prediction models are urgently needed, which may help explore the underlying mechanisms. In this article, we systematically review the methods and applications for interpreting brain signatures derived from predictive neuroimaging based on a survey of 326 research articles. Strengths, limitations, and the suitable conditions for major interpretation strategies are also deliberated. In-depth discussion of common issues in existing literature and the corresponding recommendations to address these pitfalls are provided. We highly recommend exhaustive validation on the reliability and interpretability of the biomarkers across multiple datasets and contexts, which thereby could translate technical advances in neuroimaging into concrete improvements in precision medicine.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.