SynthesisRevista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)2022
Long-term effects of antipsychotics on mortality in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-world antipsychotic prescribing patterns and mortality in schizophrenia: a registry cohort study from China.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2026Article
- The Role of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Early Treatment of Schizophrenia.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Characterizing Infectious Disease Mortality in Severe Mental Illness: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- What is Minimally Adequate Treatment of Psychosis and Should Duration of Inadequate Treatment be a Clinical and Research Target? A Perspective and State-of-the-Art Review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Review
- Trends in recorded deaths involving antipsychotics: The role of deprivation, ethnicity, and regional disparities.PloS one · 2026Article
- [Factors Influencing All-Cause and Specific-Cause Deaths Among Community-Dwelling Schizophrenia Patients in a Region of Western China].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Article
- Relevant Criteria for Improving Quality of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Treatment: A Delphi Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- What is behind the 17-year life expectancy gap between individuals with schizophrenia and the general population?Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Physical illness in schizophrenia and the role of tolerability in antipsychotic selection: an expert consensus with a focus on cariprazine.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Review
- Association of typical and atypical antipsychotics with mortality in older adults with schizophrenia: a 5-year multicenter prospective study.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Observational
- The physical health and premature mortality of Indigenous Māori following first-episode psychosis diagnosis: A 15-year follow-up study.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Association of antipsychotic drugs on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort and in vitro glucose homeostasis-related gene expression study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo gather current evidence on the impact of antipsychotics on long-term mortality in patients with schizophrenia.
methodsWe systematically searched for articles in Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO reporting the long-term mortality (follow-up > 1 year) of patients with schizophrenia who were using any antipsychotics. We then conducted multiple meta-analyses to determine differences in long-term mortality between different types of antipsychotics.
resultsWe identified 45 articles that provided unadjusted long-term mortality rates, including 46,171 deaths during 2,394,911 person-years. The pooled mortality rate was 9.9 (95%CI = 7.4-12.7) per 1,000 person-years. The unadjusted crude mortality rate of antipsychotic drug users was lower than that of non-users (risk ratio [RR] = 0.546, 95%CI = 0.480-0.621), first-generation antipsychotics caused higher all-cause mortality than second-generation antipsychotics (RR = 1.485, 95%CI = 1.361-1.620), and polypharmacy had better effects than monotherapy on long-term mortality (RR = 0.796, 95%CI = 0.689-0.921). As for the causes of death, heart disease and cardiovascular disease ranked highest among cause-specific mortality (5.6 per 1,000 person-years).
conclusionSince antipsychotics had a beneficial effect on long-term mortality in schizophrenia, greater precaution should be taken with patients who do not take them. However, since disease severity, comorbidities, and other confounding factors cannot be fully controlled, further research and verification are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.