ArticleEnvironmental research2023
Highly socially vulnerable communities exhibit disproportionately increased viral loads as measured in community wastewater.
Article in Environmental research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches to SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Surveillance.Viruses · 2026Pooled it
- Current state and future perspectives on de facto population markers for normalization in wastewater-based epidemiology: A systematic literature review.The Science of the total environment · 2024Pooled it
- Identification of Statewide Hotspots for Respiratory Disease Targets Using Wastewater Monitoring Data.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Operationalizing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring to assess traveler health in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Viral concentration method biases in the detection of viral profiles in wastewater.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- The impact of signal variability on COVID-19 epidemic growth rate estimation from wastewater surveillance data.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Wastewater surveillance has proven to be a useful tool for evidence-based epidemiology in the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is particularly useful at the population level where acquisition of individual test samples may be time or cost-prohibitive. Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has typically been performed at wastewater treatment plants; however, this study was designed to sample on a local level to monitor the spread of the virus among three communities with distinct social vulnerability indices in Shreveport, Louisiana, located in a socially vulnerable region of the United States. Twice-monthly grab samples were collected from September 30, 2020, to March 23, 2021, during the Beta wave of the pandemic. The goals of the study were to examine whether: 1) concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater varied with social vulnerability indices and, 2) the time lag of spikes differed during wastewater monitoring in the distinct communities. The size of the population contributing to each sample was assessed via the quantification of the pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), which was significantly higher in the less socially vulnerable community. We found that the communities with higher social vulnerability exhibited greater viral loads as assessed by wastewater when normalized with PMMoV (Kruskal-Wallis, p < 0.05). The timing of the spread of the virus through the three communities appeared to be similar. These results suggest that interconnected communities within a municipality experienced the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus at similar times, but areas of high social vulnerability experienced more intense wastewater viral loads.
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Registered trials
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