ArticleInternational journal of legal medicine2023
Use of third molar eruption based on Gambier's criteria in assessing dental age.
Article in International journal of legal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Forensic Age Estimation of the Knee with 3D MEDIC MRI.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Accuracy of third molar eruption for legal age estimation using the Gambier method in Lebanese subadults.Odontology · 2026Article
- Association Between the Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis and Mandibular Condyle Periphery Maturation in Relation to Chronological Age.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Assessing the accuracy of the third molar eruption as an indicator of adulthood: findings from a black South African sample using the Gambier method.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
- Age-related patterns in mandibular third molar eruption: presenting new forensic age assessment reference data from a Chinese population.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2025Article
- Studying eruption patterns of mandibular third molars for forensic age assessment: Introducing current reference data from a population of black South Africans.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- Dental Age Assessment Based on Developmental Stages and Maturity Index of Third Molars for Medico-Legal Purposes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Radiological assessment of periodontal ligament space visibility on third molars for forensic age assessment - a comparison study of three different staging scales.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- Magnetic Resonance Images for the Prediction of Chronological Age Using Maxillary Third Molar Teeth: An Observational Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2024Article
- Liability and Medico-Legal Implications in Estimating the Likelihood of Having Attained 14 Years of Age in Pediatric Clinical Practice: A Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The biological aspects of determining the dental age of subadults represent an important interdisciplinary scientific link with applications in criminal law and in forensic anthropology and dentistry. In criminal procedural law, it is necessary to determine the exact age of an undocumented person in view of the application of the provisions on juvenile offenders and minor victims. Chronological age can be estimated from the development of the third molars, as these are the only teeth that develop at the age of 18. The aim of this study was to verify the applicability of the Gambier method based on the eruption of the third permanent molars in the mandible and maxilla, to contribute to forensic age assessment. The analyzed group that met the criteria consisted of 811 orthopantomograms (OPGs) (339 females and 472 males) between the ages of 13 and 25 years. The OPGs were retrospectively analyzed according to the method of Gambier et al. (Int J Legal Med 133:625-632, 29), which refers to the eruption stages of the third molar. Differences between eruption stages of maxillary and mandibular third molars were statistically significant in both biological sexes. Intersexual differences in mean age were significant only at stage 3 for any M3 tooth and at stage 1 for mandibular M3. There were no statistically significant differences between the left and right mandibular and maxillary third molars, respectively. Differences between mandibular and maxillary M3 were significant only for stage 1 in males on the left side and for stage 2 in both sexes and sides. The method used allowed the best classification of individuals into minor and adult groups (based on phase D-90.41% of individuals, based on the third stage of the mandibular left third molar-86.29%). Based on the results obtained, we can assume that the method cannot be used alone in the initial examination of living individuals, since all four third molars must be assessed and there are no additional findings from practice.
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