ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2023
Tingible body macrophages arise from lymph node-resident precursors and uptake B cells by dendrites.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- A guide to B cell metabolism.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Germinal Center Selection and Plasma Cell Differentiation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Rosa26-INDIA Identifies Early Apoptotic B Cells Before Macrophage-Mediated Efferocytosis.Immune network · 2026Article
- Identity, ontogeny, and age-related changes in splenic white pulp macrophages in mouse and human spleen.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Macrophages in Colorectal Cancer: from Normal Mucosa to Distant Metastasis: Beyond the M1/M2 Paradigm.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- A Transcriptional Map of Human Tonsil Architecture: Beyond the Sum of (Single Cell) Parts.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Delineation of the Human Germinal Centre Immune Landscape Using Multiplex Imaging Analysis.Immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Spatially-resolved transcriptomics reveal macrophage heterogeneity and prognostic significance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The multivalency game ruling the biology of immunity.Biophysics reviews · 2023Review
- IL-21 shapes germinal center polarization via light zone B cell selection and cyclin D3 upregulation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Hijacking homeostasis: Regulation of the tumor microenvironment by apoptosis.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Molecular mechanisms insulating proliferation from genotoxic stress in B lymphocytes.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- Tingible body macrophages: Gargantuan chameleons of the germinal center.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibody affinity maturation depends on the formation of germinal centers (GCs) in lymph nodes. This process generates a massive number of apoptotic B cells, which are removed by a specialized subset of phagocytes, known as tingible body macrophages (TBMs). Although defects in these cells are associated with pathological conditions, the identity of their precursors and the dynamics of dying GC B cell disposal remained unknown. Here, we demonstrate that TBMs originate from pre-existing lymph node-resident precursors that enter the lymph node follicles in a GC-dependent manner. Intravital imaging shows that TBMs are stationary cells that selectively phagocytose GC B cells via highly dynamic protrusions and accommodate the final stages of B cell apoptosis. Cell-specific depletion and chimeric mouse models revealed that GC B cells drive TBM formation from bone marrow-derived precursors stationed within lymphoid organs prior to the immune challenge. Understanding TBM dynamics and function may explain the emergence of various antibody-mediated autoimmune conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.