ArticleBiophysical journal2023
DOTAP: Structure, hydration, and the counterion effect.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human T cell engineering via serial delivery of mRNA encapsulated within lipid nanoparticles.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Edible Fungal Polysaccharide-Liposome: Interfacial Interactions, Structure-Function Relationship, and Emerging Application in Oral Delivery and Functional Foods.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Biopolymer Surface Modification as a Strategy for Conferring "Stealth-like" Characteristics of Xanthohumol-Loaded Liposomes.Polymers · 2026Article
- Updates on niosomes in interfering nucleic acid delivery for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review and future perspectives.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Charge Effects: Influence of Surface Charge on Protein Corona Adsorption Behavior on Liposomal Formulations.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Design of cationic ionizable lipids for the delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Review
- A systematic comparison of in-house prepared transfection reagents in the delivery of mRNA or DNA to a wide range of cultured cells.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Small Interfering RNA Carriers for Oncotherapy: A Preclinical Overview.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Dual-modified Liposomes Encapsulating Nucleic Acids (pApoE2 or pGFP) for Transport Studies Across a Hydrocortisone-enhanced In Vitro Blood-brain Barrier Model for CNS Therapeutic Screening.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Formulation and Characterization of Novel Ionizable and Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Splice-Switching Oligonucleotides.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Development of Small Interfering RNA Loaded Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Liver Cancer with Elevated α-Fetoprotein Expression.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2025Article
- Tailored Intranasal Albumin Caged Selegiline-α Synuclein siRNA Liposome with Improved Efficiency in Parkinson's Model.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Synthesis and Characterization of Transferrin and Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Functionalized Liposomal Nanoparticles to Deliver Plasmid ApoE2Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Design of charge converting lipid nanoparticles via a microfluidic coating technique.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the HC009 mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) is one of the original synthetic cationic lipids used for the liposomal transfection of oligonucleotides in gene therapy. The key structural element of DOTAP is its quaternary ammonium headgroup that is responsible for interactions with both nucleic acids and target cell membranes. Because these interactions are fundamental to the design of a major class of transfection lipids, it is important to understand the structure of DOTAP and how it interacts with halide counterions. Here, we use x-ray and neutron diffraction techniques to examine the structure of DOTAP and how chloride (Cl-) and iodide (I-) counterions alter the hydration properties of the DOTAP headgroup. A problem of particular interest is the poor solubility of DOTAP/I- in water solutions. Our results show that the poor solubility results from very tight binding of the I- counterion to the headgroup and the consequent expulsion of water. The structural principles we report here are important for assessing the suitability of DOTAP and its quaternary ammonium derivatives for transfection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.