Observational studyArchives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists2023
An Examination of Racial/Ethnic Differences on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory Among Veterans Completing the Comprehensive Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluation: A Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program Study.
Observational study in Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining Associations Between Environmental Exposures and Neurobehavioral Symptoms in Post-9/11 Veterans With a Probable History of TBI.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Racial/Ethnic and Geographic Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Service-Connected Disability Determination and Monthly Compensation Among Post-9/11 US Veterans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Traumatic Brain Injury among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Veterans accessing Veterans Health Administration Homeless Services: A Preliminary Examination.Hawai'i journal of health & social welfare · 2026Article
- Relationships Between Neighborhood Disadvantage, Race/Ethnicity, and Neurobehavioral Symptoms Among Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore racial/ethnic differences in neurobehavioral symptom reporting and symptom validity testing among military veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI).
methodParticipants of this observational cross-sectional study (N = 9,646) were post-deployed Iraq-/Afghanistan-era veterans enrolled in the VA's Million Veteran Program with a clinician-confirmed history of TBI on the Comprehensive TBI Evaluation (CTBIE). Racial/ethnic groups included White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, Multiracial, Another Race, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Dependent variables included neurobehavioral symptom domains and symptom validity assessed via the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and Validity-10, respectively.
resultsChi-square analyses showed significant racial/ethnic group differences for vestibular, somatic/sensory, and affective symptoms as well as for all Validity-10 cutoff scores examined (≥33, ≥27, ≥26, >22, ≥22, ≥13, and ≥7). Follow-up analyses compared all racial/ethnic groups to one another, adjusting for sociodemographic- and injury-related characteristics. These analyses revealed that the affective symptom domain and the Validity-10 cutoff of ≥13 revealed the greatest number of racial/ethnic differences.
conclusionsResults showed significant racial/ethnic group differences on neurobehavioral symptom domains and symptom validity testing among veterans who completed the CTBIE. An enhanced understanding of how symptoms vary by race/ethnicity is vital so that clinical care can be appropriately tailored to the unique needs of all veterans. Results highlight the importance of establishing measurement invariance of the NSI across race/ethnicity and underscore the need for ongoing research to determine the most appropriate Validity-10 cutoff score(s) to use across racially/ethnically diverse veterans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.