Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36702602›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2023

Characteristics associated with influenza vaccination uptake in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.

Thomas Woodcock, Vesselin Novov, Helen Skirrow, James Butler, Derryn Lovett, Yewande Adeleke, Mitch Blair, Sonia Saxena, Azeem Majeed, Paul Aylin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  5. Public Involvement in a Systematic Review Project: Reporting Our Approach Using the ACTIVE Framework.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Thomas WoodcockDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-4735-4856
Vesselin NovovDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.
Helen SkirrowDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-4383-0616
James ButlerDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.
Derryn LovettDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.
Yewande AdelekeDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-4357-9855
Mitch BlairDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0001-7422-0188
Sonia SaxenaDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0003-3787-2083
Azeem MajeedDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-2357-9858
Paul AylinDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London.ORCID 0000-0003-4589-1743

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPregnant women are at increased risk from influenza, yet maternal influenza vaccination levels remain suboptimal.

aimTo estimate associations between sociodemographic and health characteristics and seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among pregnant women, and to understand trends over time to inform interventions to improve vaccine coverage. DESIGN AND

settingRetrospective cohort study using linked electronic health records of women in North West London with a pregnancy overlapping an influenza season between September 2010 and February 2020.

methodA multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to identify associations between characteristics of interest and the primary outcome of influenza vaccination.

resultsIn total, 451 954 pregnancies, among 260 744 women, were included. In 85 376 (18.9%) pregnancies women were vaccinated against seasonal influenza. Uptake increased from 8.4% in 2010/11 to 26.4% in 2017/18, dropping again to 21.1% in 2019/20. Uptake was lowest among women aged 15-19 years (11.9%; reference category) or ≥40 years (15.2%; odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10 to 1.24); of Black (14.1%; OR 0.55, 95% CI = 0.53 to 0.57) or unknown ethnicity (9.9%; OR 0.42, 95% CI = 0.39 to 0.46); who lived in more deprived areas (OR least versus most deprived [reference category] 1.16, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.21); or with no known risk factors for severe influenza.

conclusionSeasonal influenza vaccine uptake in pregnant women increased in the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic, but remained suboptimal. Targeted approaches are recommended to reducing inequalities in access to vaccination and should focus on women of Black ethnicity, younger and older women, and women living in deprived areas.

Indexed as

COVID-19Influenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesPregnancy Complications, InfectiousAgedFemaleHumansPandemicsPregnancyRetrospective StudiesVaccinationInfluenza Vaccinesinfluenzapregnancyprimary caresociodemographic factorsvaccines

Identifiers

PMID36702602
PMCPMC9888578

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.