ArticlePloS one2023
Unpacking trust: The Italian validation of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ).
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cracks in the foundation: disrupted epistemic trust as a link between trauma, PTSD and disturbances in self-organization.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Childhood Trauma and Aggression: The Role of Epistemic Trust.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2026Article
- Process and outcome in university counseling: the role of epistemic trust and working alliance.Research in psychotherapy (Milano) · 2026Article
- Mapping the Adolescent Mind: Profiles of Reflective Functioning and Epistemic Trust in Adolescent Psychopathology.Journal of adolescence · 2026Article
- Replicability or revision? Further evidence on the psychometric quality of the German version of the epistemic trust, mistrust and credulity questionnaire.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Pathology of the self: a network analysis of personality functioning, narcissistic vulnerability, mentalizing, and epistemic trust across trauma profiles.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2026Article
- How epistemic trust, mistrust and credulity relate to mental health, personality pathology, treatment engagement and relationship in psychotherapeutic and psychiatric settings.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- Can we trust this short scale? Validation of a Brief Self-Report Measure of Epistemic Trust, Mistrust and Credulity (ETMCQ-R-6) in a sample of the U.K. general population.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- A laboratory task to assess epistemic mistrust: behavioral evidence for mediation between childhood trauma and borderline personality features in young adults.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2025Article
- Development and validation of the Revised Epistemic Trust, Mistrust and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ-R).BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Long-Term Improvements of Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) Symptoms After Multimodal Psychodynamic Inpatient Rehabilitation Treatment-An Observational Single Center Pilot Study.Journal of clinical psychology · 2025Observational
- Predicting Engagement With Conversational Agents in Mental Health Therapy by Examining the Role of Epistemic Trust, Personality, and Fear of Intimacy: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- More than Meets the "I": A Panoramic View of Epistemic Trust in Psychotherapy.Psychopathology · 2025Article
- Epistemic Trust, Mistrust and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ) validation in French language: Exploring links to loneliness.PloS one · 2025Article
- Psychopathological symptoms, personality, and epistemic stances in individuals with myocardial infarction: an empirical investigation.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Predicting dropout and non-response to psychotherapy for personality disorders: A study protocol focusing on therapist, patient, and the therapeutic relationship.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Motivations to become psychotherapists: beyond the concept of theResearch in psychotherapy (Milano) · 2024Article
- Patient personality and therapist responses in the psychotherapy of adolescents with depressive disorders: toward theResearch in psychotherapy (Milano) · 2024Article
- Iranian adaptation of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ): Validity, reliability, discriminant ability, and sex invariance.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The construct of epistemic trust has received much consideration in recent psychological literature, even though mainly from a theoretical perspective. The overall aim of this study was to validate the first self-report measure of epistemic trust-the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ)-in an Italian sample. Our primary goal was to test the factorial validity of the instrument, also exploring the influence of age, gender, and level of education on epistemic trust (Study 1, n = 843). Secondarily, we investigated the associations between epistemic trust, mistrust, credulity, and other aspects of psychological functioning, as well as with the presence of adverse childhood experiences in a smaller number of participants (Study 2, n = 445). Besides the ETMCQ, the survey included an ad hoc questionnaire investigating socio-demographic characteristics and self-report measures of reflective functioning, mentalized affectivity, traumatic experiences, attachment, and psychological symptoms. Statistical analysis showed a three-factor hierarchical structure similar to the model proposed in the original validation, with some differences that suggest an influence of cultural factors in determining individuals' epistemic stance. Our results corroborate previous theoretical contributions regarding the association between epistemic trust and psychological wellbeing, and between epistemic disruptions and higher levels of psychological suffering. Both Mistrust and Credulity were significantly related to the presence of childhood traumatic experiences, attachment avoidance and anxiety, lower levels of mentalization, lower abilities in emotional regulation, and higher levels of psychopathological symptoms. The ETMCQ represents an easily administered and time-effective tool. Its use could pave the way for interesting clinical and theoretical findings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.