ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2022
Split phenomena in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Current evidences, pathogenetic hypotheses and diagnostic implications.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the interplay between quantitative muscle strength, functional performance, and patient-reported outcomes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a cross-sectional pilot study.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- "Abductor Sparing": A New Selective Involvement in ALS.Muscle & nerve · 2026Article
- Beyond ALS: split-hand syndrome in immune-mediated motor neuropathies.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and degenerative cervical myelopathy: phenotype-based diagnostic pitfalls, investigative mismatch, and practical clinical reasoning.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Establishing Diagnostic and Differential Diagnostic Criteria for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical features and progress in diagnosis and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Nerve conduction study on the split-hand plus index in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: correlations with lower motor neuron impairment.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- The diaphragmatic electrical activity during spontaneous breathing trial in patients with mechanical ventilation: physiological description and potential clinical utility.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Neurophysiological indices for split phenomena: correlation with age and sex and potential implications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease and has emerged among the disorders with the largest increasing incidence in Western countries. Although the diagnosis is based on clinical grounds, electromyography (EMG), and nerve conduction studies (NCS) play a crucial role to exclude other potential etiologies of lower motor neuron (LMN) dysfunction. Based on clinical grounds, a peculiar pattern of dissociated atrophy of the intrinsic hand and foot muscles, termed the "split-hand" (SH) and "split-leg" (SL) signs, has been described in a significant proportion of subjects with ALS, even at the early stages of the disease, when symptoms are focal. These signs are rare in neurological and non-neurological diseases other than ALS. In this review, we discussed current evidences concerning SH and SL signs, their pathogenetic hypotheses and neurophysiological findings. We also analyze whether SH and SL signs can be reliable markers in the differential diagnosis and in the prognosis of ALS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.