ArticleMovement disorders clinical practice2023
Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease.
Article in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cognitive function in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Telehealth versus face-to-face delivery of speech language pathology services: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of telemedicine and telecare · 2025Pooled it
- How well is the female population represented in clinical trials with infusion therapies for Parkinson's disease? A systematic review and metanalysis.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Epidemiology and clinical features of movement disorders in a Mexican Mestizo cohort: a 10-year tertiary-center study.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Effects of immersive gamification technology on the physical function of people with Parkinson's disease: a scoping review.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Parkinson's Disease and Respiratory Failure: Epidemiologic Insights of Two Decades From the CDC-WONDER Database.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Mapping the Parkinson's pandemic: Unveiling and addressing the global burden.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Sex difference in Parkinson's disease hospitalization rates in Brazil (2010-2024).BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Low-level expression of Cmyc in mature neurons: Maintaining neuronal function and preventing neurodegeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Bridging global diversity gaps in Parkinson disease research.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease in a Town of the Central Highlands of Peru: A Population-Based Study.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Implant Therapy in Patients With Neurodegenerative Diseases-A Scoping Review.Clinical oral implants research · 2026Article
- An ensemble machine learning classifier for Parkinson's disease diagnosis using optical coherence tomography angiography.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The progression of sex differences in brain networks across the lifespan.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Characterization of motor and non-motor features associated with bilateral nigral degeneration due to A53T alpha-synuclein in female rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Differentiating between the impact of sex and gender in Parkinson's disease: utilising these to advance current understanding and care practices.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Sex and gender-related differences in neurological diseases: current challenges and recommendations for clinical practice.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Pragmatic trial design enhances diversity and retention among research participants with Lewy body diseases.NPJ dementia · 2026Article
- Blood-brain Barrier Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Current neurovascular research · 2026Review
- Using Loss of Balance to Understand Postural Instability Associated With Parkinson's Disease.Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) affects males more than females. The reasons for the gender differences in PD prevalence remain unclear. Objective: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to update the overall male/female prevalence ratios (OPR). Methods: We updated previous work by searching MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and OVID for articles reporting PD prevalence for both genders between 2011 and 2021. We calculated OPRs and investigated heterogeneity in effect estimates. Results: We included 19 new articles and 13 articles from a previously published meta-analysis. The OPR was 1.18, 95% CI, [1.03, 1.36]. The OPR was lowest in Asia and appeared to be decreasing over time. Study design, national wealth, and participant age did not explain OPR heterogeneity. Conclusion: Gender differences in PD prevalence may not be as stark as previously thought. Studies are needed to understand the role of other determinants of gender differences in PD prevalence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.