ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2023
From Free-Radical to Radical-Free: A Paradigm Shift in Light-Mediated Biofabrication.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Light-assisted 3D bioprinting of tough hydrogels in biomedical applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Digital light processing bioprinting: bioink innovations and applications in tissue and organ regeneration.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- The Intersecting Physical Mechanisms That Regulate Cell Viability in 3D Synthetic Hydrogels.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Light-Based 3D Printing of Polyesters: From Synthesis to Fabrication.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Diverse reactivity of maleimides in polymer science and beyond.Polymer international · 2025Article
- Lithography-based 3D printing of hydrogels.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Photoinitiator-free light-mediated crosslinking of dynamic polymer and pristine protein networks.Biomaterials science · 2024Article
- Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Research progress of photo-crosslink hydrogels in ophthalmology: A comprehensive review focus on the applications.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Electron Spin Resonance Probe Incorporation into Bioinks Permits Longitudinal Oxygen Imaging of Bioprinted Constructs.Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- Harnessing the Antioxidative Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium in Photopolymerized GelMA Hydrogels.Biomaterials research · 2024Article
- Rise of tissue- and species-specific 3D bioprinting based on decellularized extracellular matrix-derived bioinks and bioresins.Biomaterials and biosystems · 2023Article
- Structurally decoupled stiffness and solute transport in multi-arm poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels.Biomaterials · 2023Article
- From Free-Radical to Radical-Free: A Paradigm Shift in Light-Mediated Biofabrication.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Light-based vat-polymerization bioprinting.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, the development of novel photocrosslinking strategies and photoactivatable materials has stimulated widespread use of light-mediated biofabrication techniques. However, despite great progress toward more efficient and biocompatible photochemical strategies, current photoresins still rely on photoinitiators (PIs) producing radical-initiating species to trigger the so-called free-radical crosslinking/polymerization. In the context of bioprinting, where cells are encapsulated in the bioink, the presence of radicals raises concerns of potential cytotoxicity. In this work, a universal, radical-free (RF) photocrosslinking strategy to be used for light-based technologies is presented. Leveraging RF uncaging mechanisms and Michael addition, cell-laden constructs are photocrosslinked by means of one- and two-photon excitation with high biocompatibility. A hydrophilic coumarin-based group is used to cage a universal RF photocrosslinker based on 4-arm-PEG-thiol (PEG4SH). Upon light exposure, thiols are uncaged and react with an alkene counterpart to form a hydrogel. RF photocrosslinker is shown to be highly stable, enabling potential for off-the-shelf products. While PI-based systems cause a strong upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated genes, ROS are not detected in RF photoresins. Finally, optimized RF photoresin is successfully exploited for high resolution two-photon stereolithography (2P-SL) using remarkably low polymer concentration (<1.5%), paving the way for a shift toward radical-free light-based bioprinting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.