ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2023
Association between malformation type, location and functional deficits in lymphatic malformations of the head and neck in children.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shall we score? The SHALL-WE score for optimizing sclerotherapy in superficial lymphatic malformations.Pediatric surgery international · 2026Article
- Multidimensional outcomes of initial treatment strategies for pediatric head and neck lymphatic malformations.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- A single-center retrospective study of a decade-long experience in managing pediatric lymphatic malformation.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Study on the Application of Indocyanine Green Lymphography in the Management of Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sclerotherapy combined with sirolimus for the treatment of complex cervicofacial lymphatic malformations in infants: avoiding the need for tracheostomy.Journal of neurointerventional surgery · 2026Article
- Pediatric Lymphangioma of the Tongue, From Diagnosis to Surgery: A Case Report.Case reports in dentistry · 2026Article
- Pilot Study: Endoscopic-assisted Plasma Radiofrequency Ablation: A Minimally Invasive Strategy for Extremity Lymphatic Malformations.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Impact of Intracystic Hemorrhage on Therapeutic Outcomes in Macro/Mixed Cystic Lymphatic Malformation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy of pingyangmycin for periorbital lymphatic malformations.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Article
- New Insights into Cervicofacial Vascular Anomalies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A new therapy for microcystic lymphatic malformations: the combination of intralesional laser thermolysis and percutaneous sclerotherapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of a Large Tongue Lymphangioma in a Child: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeLymphatic malformations (LM) are congenital malformations of the lymphatic system, mainly located in the head and neck area. They can be staged based on location according to de Serres and based on different morbidity items using the Cologne Disease Score (CDS), a clinical staging system. In many cases, functional impairment greatly affects the life of patients suffering from lymphatic malformations. The present study aims to analyze a cohort of pediatric patients with LM.
methodsA retrospective analysis of 144 pediatric patients with head and neck LM was performed. Location, type of malformation (microcystic, macrocystic, mixed), scoring according to two different scoring systems and therapy were analyzed. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the difference in CDS between the patient groups and Dunn's test was used for post-hoc pairwise comparison.
resultsThe average age at presentation was 6.1 years. The most common sites were neck (47%), cheek/parotid gland (26%), tongue (17%) and orbit (8%). Macrocystic malformations dominated the lateral neck, while microcystic malformations were predominantly localized in the tongue and floor of mouth. Macrocystic malformations (mean CDS 9.44) were associated with significantly better CDS than microcystic (mean CDS 7.11) and mixed (mean CDS 5.71) malformations (p < 0.001). LM in stage V according to de Serres had the lowest values (mean CDS: 4.26). The most common therapeutic procedures were conventional surgical (partial) resection, laser therapy and sclerotherapy with OK-432.
conclusionsThere is an association between malformation type, location according to de Serres and CDS in children with LM of the head and neck. Patients with microcystic and mixed malformations in stage V had lowest CDS levels.
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