ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2023
The effect of pelvic floor muscle training in women with functional bladder outlet obstruction.
Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guarding Reflex Inhibition Training Reduces Postoperative Urinary Retention After Urethral Bulking for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Four Years' Experience at a Single Referral Center Regarding Urodynamic Findings in Women With Voiding Dysfunction.Journal of family & reproductive health · 2025Article
- Is there evidence for pelvic floor muscle relaxation training in nonneurogenic female bladder outlet obstruction?-A narrative review.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2025Review
- Article
- Long-Term Improvement in Urinary Incontinence in an Elite Female Athlete Through the Laser Treatment: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisFemale voiding dysfunction is often due to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). We investigated pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) effectiveness in women with functional BOO.
methodsThis is a prospective study recruiting 63 women functionally obstructed, over 18yo, maximum flow rate (Qmax) less than 12 ml/sec, naïve of voiding treatment. Exclusion criteria were anatomical BOO, neurological condition, pelvic intervention, psychiatric or anticholinergic medication, diabetes mellitus and affected upper urinary tract. At baseline, women underwent uroflow, post void residual (PVR) measurement, cystoscopy, cystogram and urodynamic study (UDS) with pelvic electromyography (EMG). Blaivas-Groutz nomogram has been used to define obstruction. After diagnosis, patients underwent six-month PFMT. Re-evaluation was offered four weeks after end of treatment. Data were analyzed with SPSSv22.0.
results63 women were recruited and 48 finally included. At baseline, 20 reported 3 urinary tract infections (UTIs) during last year, and 12 had one episode of urine retention. Median Qmax was 7.5 ml/sec and median PVR 110 ml. 40 women were obstructed. 16 (40%) had mild, 16 (40%) moderate and 8 (20%) severe obstruction. All subjects had an overactive pelvic floor on EMG. Obstructed women were re-evaluated. Median Qmax was 8.5 ml/sec, close to baseline (p = 0.16). Median PVR was 65 ml, reduced to baseline (p = 0.02). 33 (82.5%) remained obstructed, 22 (66.67%) with mild, 8 (24.24%) moderate and 3 (9.09%) severe obstruction. 7 (17.5%) were non-obstructed. 4 patients reported one UTI episode with no cases of retention.
conclusionsA 6 month PFMT reduced UTIs and PVR in women with functional BOO. Additionally, most patients had a de-escalation to milder obstruction.
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