ArticleBMJ open2023
Body mass index, waist circumference and pre-frailty/frailty: the Tromsø study 1994-2016.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and internal validation of a frailty prediction model in adults aged ≥ 45 years with obesity: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).BMC public health · 2026Article
- Frailty and multimorbidity among adults aged 40-69 years in Montenegro: a cross-sectional pilot study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Retrospectively reconstructed body mass index change patterns and their association with frailty among American adults: national health and Nutrition Examination survey 2007-2018.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- [Interactions between nutrition and frailty].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Frequency and Frailty: Findings from the InCHIANTI Study of Aging.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Weight of time: exploring the link between obesity and aging.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Review
- Sarcopenic obesity and weight loss-induced muscle mass loss.Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2025Review
- The Effect of Frailty on Body Composition and Its Impact on the Use of SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1RA in Older Persons with Diabetes.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Prevalence of Frailty and Associated Factors in a US-Wide Cohort of Rheumatic Diseases.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- The association of body roundness index and body mass index with frailty and all-cause mortality: a study from the population aged 40 and above in the United States.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Venous thrombosis and obesity: from clinical needs to therapeutic challenges.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Review
- Association between frailty index and all-cause mortality in hospitalized elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Mid-life plasma proteins associated with late-life prefrailty and frailty: a proteomic analysis.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Association between healthy lifestyle and frailty in adults and mediating role of weight-adjusted waist index: results from NHANES.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular disease risk factors and frailty syndrome in community-dwelling older adults: Results from the Amirkola Health and Aging Project Cohort Study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- The role of CT-assessed sarcopenia and visceral adipose tissue in predicting long-term survival in patients undergoing elective endovascular infrarenal aortic repair.The British journal of radiology · 2024Article
- Does the association between adiposity measures and pre-frailty among older adults vary by social position? Findings from the Tromsø study 2015/2016.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Risk and Protective Factors for Frailty in Pre-Frail and Frail Older Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study investigated the association between obesity, assessed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and pre-frailty/frailty among older adults over 21 years of follow-up.
designProspective cohort study.
settingPopulation-based study among community-dwelling adults in Tromsø municipality, Norway.
participants2340 women and 2169 men aged ≥45 years attending the Tromsø study in 1994-1995 (Tromsø4) and 2015-2016 (Tromsø7), with additional BMI and WC measurements in 2001 (Tromsø5) and 2007-2008 (Tromsø6). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Physical frailty was defined as the presence of three or more and pre-frailty as the presence of one to two of the five frailty components suggested by Fried
resultsParticipants with baseline obesity (adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.93 to 3.02), assessed by BMI, were more likely to be pre-frail/frail than those with normal BMI. Participants with high (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.59 to 2.87) or moderately high (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.03) baseline WC were more likely to be pre-frail/frail than those with normal WC. Those at baseline with normal BMI but moderately high/high WC or overweight with normal WC had no significantly increased odds for pre-frailty/frailty. However, those with both obesity and moderately high/high WC had increased odds of pre-frailty/frailty. Higher odds of pre-frailty/frailty were observed among those in 'overweight to obesity' or 'increasing obesity' trajectories than those with stable normal BMI. Compared with participants in a stable normal WC trajectory, those with high WC throughout follow-up were more likely to be pre-frail/frail.
conclusionBoth general and abdominal obesity, especially over time during adulthood, is associated with an increased risk of pre-frailty/frailty in later years. Thus maintaining normal BMI and WC throughout adult life is important.
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