Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36690290›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2023

Smoking Is Associated With a Higher Risk of Surgical Intervention for Thyroid Eye Disease in the IRIS Registry.

Isdin Oke, Edith R Reshef, Tobias Elze, Joan W Miller, Alice C Lorch, David G Hunter, Suzanne K Freitag, IRIS Registry Analytic Center Consortium

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Isdin OkeFrom the Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., T.E., J.W.M., A.C.L., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: Isdin.Oke@childrens.harvard.edu.
Edith R ReshefFrom the Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., T.E., J.W.M., A.C.L., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Tobias ElzeDepartment of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., T.E., J.W.M., A.C.L., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Joan W MillerDepartment of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., T.E., J.W.M., A.C.L., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Alice C LorchDepartment of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., T.E., J.W.M., A.C.L., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
David G HunterFrom the Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Suzanne K FreitagFrom the Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (I.O., E.R.R., T.E., J.W.M., A.C.L., D.G.H., S.K.F.), Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
IRIS Registry Analytic Center Consortium
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary · USBoston Children's Hospital · US

Funding

VISION RESEARCHP30EY003790 · NEI · SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Patricia Ann D'Amore · 1985 to 2026
$25.5M
Training in Child Health Services Research and Implementation ScienceT32HS000063 · AHRQ · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON · PI GARABEDIAN, LAURA FADEN, WALSH, KATHLEEN ELIZABETH · 1994 to 2024
$7.6M
AHRQ HHS T32 HS000063NEI NIH HHS P30 EY003790
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo describe the association of smoking status with surgical intervention for thyroid eye disease (TED) at the population-level.

designRetrospective cohort study.

methodsThis study included all adults (aged ≥18 years) with Graves disease in the Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry (January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020). The primary outcome was surgical intervention for TED, stratified into orbital decompression, strabismus surgery, and eyelid recession surgery. The Kaplan-Meier estimated 5-year cumulative probability for each surgical intervention was calculated. Multivariable Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between smoking status and each surgical intervention, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and geographic region.

resultsThis study included 87,774 patients. Median age was 59 years (IQR, 48-68 years); 81% were female patients. Current smokers had a greater 5-year cumulative probability of orbital decompression (3.7% vs 1.9%; P < .001), strabismus surgery (4.6% vs 2.2%; P < .001), and eyelid recession (4.1% vs 2.6%; P < .001) compared to never smokers. After adjusting for demographic factors, current smokers were at greater risk for orbital decompression (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% CI, 1.8-2.4; P < .001), strabismus surgery (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.8-2.3; P < .001), and eyelid recession (HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5-1.9; P < .001) than never smokers. Former smokers were at higher risk for each type of surgery for TED, albeit at lower levels than current smokers.

conclusionsSmoking was associated with increased risk of surgical intervention for TED in the IRIS Registry. Former smokers were at a lower risk than current smokers, supporting the role of smoking cessation on lowering the burden of surgical disease at the population-level.

Indexed as

Graves OphthalmopathyStrabismusAdolescentAdultDecompression, SurgicalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSmoking

Identifiers

PMID36690290
PMCPMC10767645
OpenAlexW4317612181

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.