Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36689433›Full record

ArticlePloS one2023

Exploring caregivers' experiences of Kangaroo Mother Care in Bangladesh: A descriptive qualitative study.

Johanna Sjömar, Hedda Ottesen, Goutum Banik, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Ylva Thernström Blomqvist, Syed Moshfiqur Rahman, Mats Målqvist

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Feeding and swallowing difficulties in previously hospitalised premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: Perspectives from South African caregivers.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir Kommunikasieafwykings · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Johanna SjömarDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-3104-8763
Hedda OttesenDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Goutum BanikMaternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Research, Bangladesh.
Ahmed Ehsanur RahmanMaternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Research, Bangladesh.
Ylva Thernström BlomqvistDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Syed Moshfiqur RahmanDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Mats MålqvistDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-8184-3530
Uppsala University · SEInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research · BD

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundKangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is an evidence-based intervention recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce preterm mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to explore caregivers' experiences of providing KMC in hospital settings and after continuation at home in Bangladesh in order to assess enablers and barriers to optimal implementation.

methodsInterviews with fifteen caregivers were conducted using an interview guide with semi-structured questions in August 2019 and March 2020. Convenience sampling was used to select hospitals and participants for the study. The inclusion criteria were being a caregiver currently performing KMC in the hospital or having been discharged one week earlier from the KMC ward. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis with an inductive approach.

resultsThree themes were identified as regards the caregivers' experiences of providing KMC: conducive conditions, an empowering process, and suboptimal implementation. The results showed that there are supporting circumstances for caregivers performing KMC in Bangladesh, including social support structures and positive attitudes to the method of care. It also appeared that the caregivers felt strengthened in their roles as caregivers by learning and performing KMC. However, the implementation of KMC was suboptimal due to late initiation of KMC, difficulties with keeping the baby skin-to-skin, and pain after cesarean section hampering skin-to-skin practice.

conclusionsThe social and cultural conditions for the caregivers to perform KMC as well as the empowerment the parents felt in their roles as caregivers when performing KMC are facilitating factors for this method of care. Initial separation and late initiation of KMC, as well as disregard for the mothers' needs for care and support, were barriers to optimal practice leading to missed opportunities. These facilitators and barriers need to be addressed in order to succeed in scaling up the national KMC program.

Indexed as

CaregiversKangaroo-Mother Care MethodBangladeshCesarean SectionFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematurePregnancy

Identifiers

PMID36689433
PMCPMC9870098
OpenAlexW4317780989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.