ArticlePloS one2023
Influences of altering footstrike pattern and cadence on lower extremity joint coordination and variability among runners with patellofemoral pain.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of heel height on patellofemoral joint stress during stair descent.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biomechanical Strategies to Improve Running: Cadence, Footwear, and Orthoses-A Quasi-Experimental Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common overuse injury among runners. It is not only a hindrance to the runner's training, but also to the runner's quality of life. PFP runners may strategize different running strategies to reduce patellofemoral joint stress, release pain, and improve function. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the changes in joint coordination and variability under combinations of foot strike pattern and cadence for runners with patellofemoral pain.
methodsTwenty male runners with PFP performed six running strategies which were two strike patterns named forefoot (FFS) and rearfoot (RFS) accompanied by three running cadences named slow10%, normal, and fast10%. A modified vector coding technique and circular statistics were respectively used to identify the coordination pattern and variability between hip sagittal-knee frontal (HsKf), hip sagittal-knee sagittal (HsKs) and knee transverse-ankle frontal (KtAf) during stance phase. Coordination patterns which were conformed with anatomical motion pattern was classified as mechanically sound, and the distribution frequency of each coordination pattern was quantified.
resultsSwitching to FFS, the HsKf couples (p < 0.001, ES = 1.34) and the HsKs couples (p = 0.001, ES = 0.82) displayed significantly greater frequency in mechanically unsound coordination pattern during the initial stance phase. The effect of increasing running cadence on RFS displayed significantly greater frequency in mechanically unsound hip dominancy (p = 0.042, ES = 0.65) and knee dominancy (p = 0.05, ES = 0.70) coordination patterns for HsKf couples as well as for HsKs couples (p = 0.023, ES = 0.86) during the initial stance phase. Combined with FFS and fast10% cadence, HsKs couples showed more hip-dominated mechanical sound coordination pattern (p = 0.002, ES = 1.25). Further, altering footstrike pattern and cadence failed to change the coordination variability.
conclusionsChanging running cadence (± 10%) combined with transfer strike pattern from RFS to FFS could not increase the distribution frequency in mechanically sound coordination patterns and change coordination variability for PFP runners.
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