Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36686892›Full record

ArticleRevista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health2023

A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries.

Tracy Evans-Gilbert, Karen N Lewis-Bell, Beryl Irons, Philippe Duclos, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar, Elizabeth Ferdinand, J Peter Figueroa, Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Lessons for sustaining the elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome in the Caribbean.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Tracy Evans-GilbertUniversity of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
Karen N Lewis-BellPan American Health Organization Paramaribo Suriname Pan American Health Organization, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Beryl IronsPan American Health Organization Retired Immunization Advisor Bridgetown Barbados Pan American Health Organization, (Retired Immunization Advisor, Bridgetown, Barbados).
Philippe DuclosUniversity of Geneva Geneva Switzerland University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Gabriel Gonzalez-EscobarPan American Health Organization Caracas Venezuela Pan American Health Organization, Caracas, Venezuela.
Elizabeth FerdinandUniversity of the West Indies Cave Hill Barbados University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.
J Peter FigueroaUniversity of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group
Petroleum of Venezuela (Venezuela) · VEUniversity of Geneva · CHUniversity of the West Indies · BBUniversity of the West Indies · JMUniversity of the West Indies System · JM

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To assess the legislative frameworks concerning childhood vaccination in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean and propose a model legislative framework for Caribbean countries. Methods: This study included a survey of 22 countries and territories in the Caribbean regarding legal vaccination mandates for school entry, budget allocations, sanctions, or exemptions. A legal consultant conducted a comprehensive search and analysis of legislation regarding vaccination among 13 Caribbean countries/territories. A comparative analysis of the legislation under five themes-legislative structure, mandatory vaccination, national immunization schedule, sanctions, and exemptions-formed the basis for the proposed model legislation. Results: Among the 22 Caribbean countries/territories, 17 (77%) had legislation mandating vaccination, 16 (94%) mandated vaccination for school entry, 8 (47%) had a dedicated budget for immunization programs, and 13 (76%) had no legislated national schedules. The source of legislation includes six (35%) using the Education Act, eight (47%) the Public Health Act, and five (29%) a free-standing Vaccination Act. Three countries/territories-Jamaica, Montserrat, and Saint Lucia-had immunization regulations. In 12 (71%) of the 17 countries with legislation, sanctions were included, and 10 (59%) permitted exemptions for medical or religious/philosophical beliefs. Conclusions: Several countries in the Caribbean have made failure to vaccinate a child an offense. By summarizing the existing legislative frameworks and approaches to immunization in the Caribbean, the analysis guides policymakers in making effective changes to immunization legislation in their own countries.

Indexed as

Caribbean regiondecision makingevidence-informed policyhealth policyImmunizationlegislationpediatrics

Identifiers

PMID36686892
PMCPMC9847406
OpenAlexW4317213438

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.