ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Bilateral multifocality is an independent predictor of patients' outcome in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bilaterality in papillary thyroid carcinoma: long-term outcomes and predictive factors.Thyroid research · 2026Article
- Posterior minimal extrathyroidal extension as an independent risk factor for lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study based on a nomogram prediction model.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Bilateral disease in the classic subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma: clinical significance and development of an artificial intelligence-based multimodal prediction model.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Associations between preoperative thyroid parameters, aggressive clinicopathological features and risk of recurrence in differentiated thyroid cancer.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Multifocality increases the risk of central compartment lymph node metastasis but is not related to the risk of recurrence and death in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Article
- The differences between unilateral multifocality and bilateral multifocality in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Influence of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis on Clinico-Pathological Characteristics and Prognostic Outcomes of Middle Eastern Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.International journal of endocrinology · 2024Article
- Risk factors for cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer in elderly patients aged 65 and older.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Article
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7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Background: Tumor multifocality is frequently seen in Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, few studies have analysed the impact of bilateral multifocality in PTC. The incidence of bilateral multifocality, its clinico-pathological associations and prognostic impact in PTC from Middle Eastern ethnicity remains unestablished. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1283 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for PTC. Bilateral and unilateral multifocality were decided based on the final pathology result. Primary outcome was recurrence free survival (RFS). Risk factors for bilateral multifocality were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Multifocal PTC was found in 54.3% (697/1283) of patients. Among the 697 multifocal PTCs, 210 patients (30.1%) had unilateral multifocal PTC and 487 patients (69.9%) had bilateral multifocality. Bilateral multifocality was significantly associated with older age at diagnosis (p = 0.0263), male gender (p = 0.0201), gross extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.0332), larger primary tumor size (>4cm; p = 0.0002), lateral lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0008), distant metastasis at diagnosis (p = 0.0195) and recurrence (p = 0.0001). Bilateral multifocality was also found to be an independent predictor of RFS (Hazard ratio = 1.60; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.05 - 2.55; p = 0.0300). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated tumor diameter >4cm to be the only independent risk factors for bilaterality in multifocal PTC (Odds ratio = 1.86; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.13 - 3.07; p = 0.0155). Conclusions: Incidence of bilateral multifocality is high in Middle Eastern PTC. Tumor diameter >4cm can be considered as a predictive factor for bilateral multifocal PTC. Bilateral multifocality appears to be an important prognostic factor for PTC and an independent predictor of RFS. Therefore, patients with bilateral multifocal PTC may benefit from more frequent follow-up to identify recurrences earlier.
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