Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36685569›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022

Immunoinformatics design of B and T-cell epitope-based SARS-CoV-2 peptide vaccination.

Muhammad Shehzad Khan, Ibrar Muhammad Khan, Syed Umair Ahmad, Ishrat Rahman, Muhammad Zahoor Khan, Muhammad Shah Zeb Khan, Zain Abbas, Shumaila Noreen, Yong Liu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Vaccine Design againstFrontiers in dentistry · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Design of a Novel Peptide-Based Vaccine TargetingInternational journal of dentistry · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Advancing vaccine development againstFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Muhammad Shehzad KhanAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China.
Ibrar Muhammad KhanAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China.
Syed Umair AhmadDepartment of Bioinformatics Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan.
Ishrat RahmanDepartment of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Zahoor KhanDepartment of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
Muhammad Shah Zeb KhanDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology of Bannu, Bannu, Pakistan.
Zain AbbasDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shumaila NoreenDepartment of Zoology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
Yong LiuAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China.
Fuyang Normal University · CNPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University · SAHazara University · PKUniversity of Management and Technology · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SARS-COV-2 is a virulent respiratory virus, first identified in China (Wuhan) at the end of 2019. Scientists and researchers are trying to find any possible solution to this deadly viral disease. Different drug source agents have been identified, including western medicine, natural products, and traditional Chinese medicine. They have the potential to counteract COVID-19. This virus immediately affects the liver and causes a decrease in oxygen levels. In this study, multiple vacciome approaches were employed for designing a multi-epitope subunit vaccine for battling against SARS-COV-2. Vaccine designing, immunogenicity, allergenic, and physico-chemical assessment were performed by using the vacciome approach. The vaccine design is likely to be antigenic and produce potent interactions with ACE2 and NSP3 receptors. The developed vaccine has also been given to in-silico cloning models and immune response predictions. A total number of 12 CTL and 12 HTL antigenic epitopes were predicted from three selected covid-19 virulent proteins (spike protein, nucleocapsid protein, and membrane proteins, respectively) based on C-terminal cleavage and MHC binding scores. These predicted epitopes were amalgamated by AYY and GPGPG linkers, and a β-defensins adjuvant was inserted into the N-terminus of this vaccine. This analysis shows that the recommended vaccine can produce immune responses against SARS-COV-2. Designing and developing of the mentioned vaccine will require further experimental validation.

Indexed as

Cancer VaccinesCOVID-19Viral VaccinesEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEpitopes, T-LymphocyteHumansMolecular Docking SimulationPeptidesSARS-CoV-2VaccinationVaccines, SubunitCancer VaccinesEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEpitopes, T-LymphocytePeptidesVaccines, SubunitViral VaccinesCOVID-19dockingSARS-CoV-2vaccine designingvacciome

Identifiers

PMID36685569
PMCPMC9846236
OpenAlexW4313586133

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.