Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36684862›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2022

How does urbanization affect public health? New evidence from 175 countries worldwide.

Zhenhua Zhang, Mingcheng Zhao, Yunpeng Zhang, Yanchao Feng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Predicting closed quarters battle capability - Examining the influence of personality, attentional ability, 2D:4D-ratio and mindfulness on tactical performance.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026
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  17. Megatrends and emerging issues: Impacts on food safety.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhenhua ZhangInstitute of Green Finance, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Mingcheng ZhaoSchool of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Yunpeng ZhangSchool of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Yanchao FengBusiness School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Urbanization is an essential indicator of contemporary society and a necessary historic stage in the industrialization of all countries. Thus, we explore the impact of urbanization on public health using the OLS estimation and a two-way fixed effect model based on annual panel data from 175 countries from 2000 to 2018. This paper also addresses potential endogeneity issues and identifies causal relationships using the coefficient stability tests, system GMM, and instrumental variable method. The results demonstrate that urbanization positively affects public health. Furthermore, we find that the impact of urbanization on public health can be mediated through living standards, and nations with higher living standards reduce the effect of urbanization on public health. An increase in the urbanization rate can promote public health by improving residents' living standards. Our results have significant real-world implications for the research of urbanization and the formulation of public health policy.

Indexed as

Public HealthUrbanizationDeveloping CountriesPublic PolicySocioeconomic Factorsliving standardsmechanism analysispublic healthsystem GMM estimationurbanization

Identifiers

PMID36684862
PMCPMC9852986

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.