ArticleChronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
Understanding the Psychological Impact of Oppression Using the Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale.
Article in Chronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Racial Discrimination and PTSD Symptoms Among Black Women: The Mediating Roles of Anxiety and Depression.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Curvilinear associations of discrimination attributions with inflammatory and antiviral gene expression.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Co-occurrence of racism-based trauma symptoms and depressive symptoms among college students of color.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2026Article
- Changes in trauma symptoms of discrimination after MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Exploring the associations between intersectional discrimination, shame, coping and trauma among Muslim women in Canada.Discover mental health · 2026Article
- Addressing Race-Based Trauma for Black Veterans Engaged in PTSD Evidence-Based Psychotherapy.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Discrimination and (In)dignity in the Oral Health Care Setting and Oral Health Outcomes: A Latent Class Analysis.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2026Article
- Psychological Harm in High-Fidelity Simulation: A Concept Analysis.Nursing research and practice · 2026Review
- Healing beyond the physical: Ethical approaches to emotional support in post-stroke recovery.African journal of disability · 2026Article
- An Expansion of Weight Inclusivity to Include Body Autonomy and Harm Reduction: Striving for Health Equity.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026Article
- Identity in turmoil: Investigating the morally injurious dimensions of minority stress.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Treating Racial Trauma: The Methodology of a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Healing Racial Trauma Protocol.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Indirect effect of psychological capital by using Partial Least Square (PLS) path analysis.MethodsX · 2025Article
- Navigating the Intersection of Race, Gender, and Nursing: Voices of Black Canadian Male Nurses.Nursing inquiry · 2025Article
- Internalized oppression and deaf people's mental health.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Responding to Trauma: A Critical Review of Mental Health and Psychosocial Interventions for Refugee Women.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Review
- Examination of race-based traumatic stress symptom networks in Black adults in the United States: A network analysis.Journal of traumatic stress · 2024Article
- From identity-based distress to thinking "I am better off being dead:" Minority stress, posttraumatic cognitions, and suicidal ideation.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Article
- Editorial: Power, discrimination, and privilege in individuals and institutions.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Cumulative Trauma and Trauma Symptoms: A Three-Way Interaction.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oppression refers to systemic discrimination where the injustice targets or disproportionately impacts specific groups of people. The Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale (TSDS) is a self-report measure designed to assess the traumatizing impact of discrimination broadly by measuring anxiety-related symptoms of trauma due to discriminatory experiences. This may include symptoms arising from racism, homophobia, sexism, poverty, or other forms of marginalization. Almost all studies of the TSDS have examined its use in marginalized ethnoracial groups, primarily African Americans. This paper will extend prior work to help us better understand racial trauma across groups by reporting and comparing TSDS mean scores across ethnoracial identities in a diverse national sample (n = 923). It also explores trauma with other marginalized identities and demographic dimensions, including gender, sexual minority/LGBQ status, education, and income. The relationship of TSDS scores to clinical psychopathologies are examined, including stress, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. We also examine the unique risks associated with intersectionality, and how having multiple marginalized identities may increase traumatization. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
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