Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36681744›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of nutrition2023

Plant-based and vegetarian diets: an overview and definition of these dietary patterns.

Shila Minari Hargreaves, Daniel L Rosenfeld, Ana Vládia Bandeira Moreira, Renata Puppin Zandonadi

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
88citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

88 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shila Minari HargreavesDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6240-0075
Daniel L RosenfeldDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-8668
Ana Vládia Bandeira MoreiraBiological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
Renata Puppin ZandonadiDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil. renatapz@unb.br.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0370-3089

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis paper aims to present an overview of the definitions of "plant-based and "vegetarian diets" adopted by different organizations worldwide, proposing new standard definitions and discussing the notion of vegetarianism as a restrictive dietary pattern.

methodsAn extensive literature review on the different definitions of vegetarian and plant-based diets was conducted. Definitions of different international vegetarian and vegan organizations were also taken into account. Objective definitions for vegetarian and plant-based diets, as well as for their subcategories, were proposed. Other aspects related to how vegetarian diets are viewed and defined were also discussed.

resultsWe proposed that a vegetarian diet should be defined as "a dietary pattern that excludes meat, meat-derived foods, and, to different extents, other animal products". This definition would include, among others, ovolactovegetarian and vegan diets. The proposed definition for a plant-based diet was "a dietary pattern in which foods of animal origin are totally or mostly excluded". Other types of diets, such as flexitarian and pescetarian diets, could be considered plant-based. A vegetarian diet should not be considered restrictive. Instead, terms such as alternative or non-conventional could be used to define it and to distinguish it from the conventional diet adopted by most of the Western population.

conclusionThis paper was able to elaborate objective definitions of vegetarian and plant-based diets. Standardizing nomenclatures may reduce misinterpretation and confusion in this field of study.

Indexed as

DietDiet, VegetarianAnimalsDiet, VeganHumansMeatVegetariansDefinitionPlant-based dietVegetarian dietVegetarianism

Identifiers

PMID36681744

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.