ReviewTrends in cancer2023
T cell exhaustion in malignant gliomas.
Review in Trends in cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- T cell immunity in glioma and potential implications for immunotherapy: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Research progress on the molecular mechanisms of PD-1 and LAG-3 synergy in regulating T cell exhaustion and immunotherapy.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Metabolic immune checkpoints (MICs) in cancer: from molecular mechanisms to challenges and opportunities in clinical translation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- The Imbalance Between Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Immune Escape in Glioblastoma.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- All-trans retinoic acid suppresses CD8Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Decoding IGLL5 Mutation-Mediated BCR Signaling: A Novel Mechanism of CD8Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Microbiota-Neuroinflammation Crosstalk in Primary Brain Tumors: Focus on Glioblastoma.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Perioperative myeloid cell remodeling shapes CAR-T cell efficacy in glioblastoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in glioblastoma: immunobiology and translational implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- The impact of T cell exhaustion in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint crosstalk between LAG-3 and CD39/CD73 in glioblastoma: dual-pathway regulation of metabolic exhaustion and therapeutic reversal strategies.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- Focused ultrasound for enhancing cell-based immunotherapies in neuro-oncology.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals corticosteroid-associated impairment of tumor-infiltrating NK cells in glioblastoma patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Glioblastoma: epidemiology, molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and therapeutic resistance.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal cancer controlNanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Ostreae Testa enhances anti-tumor immunity by activating T cells via antigen-presenting cell stimulation.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- An innovative treatment for lung cancer using gene-engineered human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Trabectedin decreases myeloid resistance to improve the efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy and delay glioma malignant progression.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite advances in understanding tumor biology, malignant gliomas remain incurable. While immunotherapy has improved outcomes in other cancer types, comparable efficacy has not yet been demonstrated for primary cancers of the central nervous system (CNS). T cell exhaustion, defined as a progressive decrease in effector function, sustained expression of inhibitory receptors, metabolic dysfunction, and distinct epigenetic and transcriptional alterations, contributes to the failure of immunotherapy in the CNS. Herein, we describe recent advances in understanding the drivers of T cell exhaustion in the glioma microenvironment. We discuss the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that contribute to exhaustion and highlight potential avenues for reversing this phenotype. Our ability to directly target specific immunosuppressive drivers in brain cancers would be a major advance in immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.