ArticleViruses2022
Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Ghana: Subtype Distribution, Drug Resistance and Coreceptor Usage.
Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 in Ghana: a systematic review of two decades.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Trends in HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance and HIV-1 variant dynamics among antiretroviral therapy-naive Ethiopians from 2003 to 2018: a pooled sequence analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- HIV-1 and HIV-2 interaction results in reduced cell infectivity and viral replication in vitro.Virology journal · 2026Article
- HIV-1 genetic diversity and reverse transcriptase resistance mutations in Benin before dolutegravir era, West Africa.PloS one · 2026Article
- Review
- Slow virologic control but strong immune and metabolic recovery with dolutegravir-anchored therapy in an HIV cohort in Ghana.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Among Newly Diagnosed HIV Individuals - China, 2018-2023.China CDC weekly · 2025Article
- Replicative co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 as well as hepatitis B and C virus in Ghanaian individuals.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- Association of Molecular Detections of Microsporidia in Stool Samples with Clinical and Immunological Parameters in Ghanaian HIV Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The greatest HIV-1 genetic diversity is found in West/Central Africa due to the pandemic’s origins in this region, but this diversity remains understudied. We characterized HIV-1 subtype diversity (from both sub-genomic and full-genome viral sequences), drug resistance and coreceptor usage in 103 predominantly (90%) antiretroviral-naive individuals living with HIV-1 in Ghana. Full-genome HIV-1 subtyping confirmed the circulating recombinant form CRF02_AG as the dominant (53.9%) subtype in the region, with the complex recombinant 06_cpx (4%) present as well. Unique recombinants, most of which were mosaics containing CRF02_AG and/or 06_cpx, made up 37% of sequences, while “pure” subtypes were rare (<6%). Pretreatment resistance to at least one drug class was observed in 17% of the cohort, with NNRTI resistance being the most common (12%) and INSTI resistance being relatively rare (2%). CXCR4-using HIV-1 sequences were identified in 23% of participants. Overall, our findings advance our understanding of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in Ghana. Extensive HIV-1 genetic diversity in the region appears to be fueling the ongoing creation of novel recombinants, the majority CRF02_AG-containing, in the region. The relatively high prevalence of pretreatment NNRTI resistance but low prevalence of INSTI resistance supports the use of INSTI-based first-line regimens in Ghana.
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