ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023
A Numerical Method of Aligning the Optical Stacks for All Pixels.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hybrid Event-Frame Sensing for Human-Perceptual Imaging and Machine Vision.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Suppressing Stitching Errors in Full-Sensor-Plane Color Routers via Optical Structural Similarity.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Design and Optimization of a Twisted Photodiode Pixel Structure for All-Directional Phase-Detection Autofocus CMOS Image Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Reducing performance verification time is significant in product launch and production costs. This is especially true because aligning the optical stacks of off-axis pixels is a time-consuming task, but it is important to maintain sensitivity. In this paper, a numerical method to align the optical stacks of off-axis pixels is suggested in order to reduce performance test time. The components of the numerical method are the optical stack height, refractive index, and chief ray angle in order to calculate the optical stacks' optimal shift distance. The proposed method was investigated to confirm effectiveness by using optical simulation. The sub-micron backside illumination (BSI) pixels were simulated, having 2 × 2 microlens, quad-color filter array, and in-pixel deep trench isolation (DTI). Moreover, the proposed method was evaluated for various pixel pitches, microlens shapes, and CRAs. As a result, the optical stacks were optimized by using the numerical method and validated via optical simulation. Therefore, the proposed numerical method is expected to help reduce the time and cost.
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Registered trials
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