ArticlePharmaceutics2023
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tacrolimus Based on Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Technique (VAMS) in Renal Transplant Pediatric Recipients-LC-MS/MS Method Development, Hematocrit Effect Evaluation, and Clinical Application.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Volumetric Microsampling for Patient-Centric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Clinical Pharmacology: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antiseizure Medications (ASMs) in Pediatric Patients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of hematocrit-adjusted conversion strategies for mycophenolic acid and tacrolimus monitoring using volumetric absorptive microsampling in lung and renal transplant recipients.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026Article
- Microsampling techniques and patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressants.Bioanalysis · 2025Review
- Use of volumetric absorptive microsampling and parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry for tacrolimus blood trough measurements at home in pediatric heart transplant patients.Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab · 2024Article
- Article
- Therapeutic drug monitoring of mycophenolic acid (MPA) using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) in pediatric renal transplant recipients: ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analytical method development, cross-validation, and clinical application.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Article
- Biological Fluid Microsampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressive Drugs-From Sampling and Analytical Issues to Clinical Application.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tacrolimus (TAC) is post-transplant pharmacotherapy's most widely used immunosuppressant. In routine clinical practice, frequent uncomfortable venipuncture is necessary for whole-blood (WB) collection to check trough TAC levels. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is an alternative strategy to WB collection. In this study, we aimed to validate and develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for TAC quantification in WB and VAMS samples. After extraction with water and protein precipitation, the samples were directly analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Whole-blood and VAMS capillary-blood samples were collected from 50 patients treated with TAC during the follow-up visits. The cross-correlation between the developed methods was evaluated using Passing-Bablok regression and a Bland-Altman bias plot. The matrix effect (ME) and carry-over were insignificant for both scenarios. There was a high correlation between the processes and no significant clinical deviation. LC-MS/MS methods were successfully developed and validated in the 0.5-60 ng/mL calibration range. This study demonstrated and confirmed the utility of VAMS-based TAC monitoring in the pediatric population. This is the first study to directly develop and validate the VAMS LC-MS/MS method for evaluating the hematocrit effect in the pediatric population. The statistical correlation between immunochemical and VAMS-based methods was satisfactory.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.