ArticlePharmaceutics2023
A Universal Pharmacological-Based List of Drugs with Anticholinergic Activity.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of Pre-admission Central Nervous System Medication Use on Delirium in Hospitalized Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study in Korea.Cancer research and treatment · 2026Observational
- Differences in Anticholinergic Exposure Assessment Across Burden Scales and Exposure Measures in a Population-Based Study: Implications for Targeted Deprescribing in Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2026Article
- Monitoring and addressing anticholinergic-induced ocular adverse effects associated with psychotropic medication.The mental health clinician · 2026Article
- Antidepressant use and dementia, cognitive measures, and neuroimaging outcomes: A population-based cohort study.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Bornyl Acetate and Menthol Provide Neuroprotection Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-Like Condition in C57BL/6 Mice by Downregulating NARC-1 Lipid Antagonist.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Anticholinergic medicines - medication management, prescribing cascades, and deprescribing.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2025Article
- Self-Perception of Drooling Impact in People with Parkinson's Disease: A Case-Control and Cross-Sectional Study.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Article
- Enhancing remyelination in multiple sclerosis via M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.Molecular pharmacology · 2025Review
- Health-related quality of life and use of medication with anticholinergic activity in patients with multiple myeloma.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Cholinergic Antagonists and Behavioral Disturbances in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Anticholinergic burden tools have relevant pharmacological gaps that may explain their limited predictive ability for clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to provide a universal pharmacological-based list of drugs with their documented affinity for muscarinic receptors. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify the anticholinergic burden tools. Drugs included in these instruments were searched in four pharmacological databases, and the investigation was supplemented with PubMed. The evidence regarding the potential antagonism of the five muscarinic receptors of each drug was assessed. The proportion of drugs included in the tools with an affinity for muscarinic receptors was evaluated. A universal list of drugs with anticholinergic activity was developed based on their documented affinity for the different subtypes of muscarinic receptors and their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. A total of 23 tools were identified, including 304 different drugs. Only 48.68%, 47.70%, 48.03%, 43.75%, and 42.76% of the drugs had an affinity to the M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 receptor, respectively, reported in any pharmacological database. The proportion of drugs with confirmed antagonism varied among the tools (36.8% to 100%). A universal pharmacological-based list of 133 drugs is presented. It should be further validated in different clinical settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.