Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36678627›Full record

ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2023

RETRACTED: Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19-Related Intensive Care Hospitalization and Mortality: Definitive Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

Christiano Argano, Raffaella Mallaci Bocchio, Giuseppe Natoli, Salvatore Scibetta, Marika Lo Monaco, Salvatore Corrao

RetractedOpen access · goldAbstract readReviewRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 41 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
17.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christiano ArganoInternal Medicine Department iGR, National Relevance Hospital Trust, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2662-8931
Raffaella Mallaci BocchioInternal Medicine Department iGR, National Relevance Hospital Trust, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Giuseppe NatoliInternal Medicine Department iGR, National Relevance Hospital Trust, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7723-5380
Salvatore ScibettaInternal Medicine Department iGR, National Relevance Hospital Trust, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Marika Lo MonacoInternal Medicine Department iGR, National Relevance Hospital Trust, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Salvatore CorraoInternal Medicine Department iGR, National Relevance Hospital Trust, ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5621-1374
Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale ed Alta Specializzazione · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the world's most important challenges for global public healthcare. Various studies have found an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19-related outcomes. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune function and inflammation. Recent data have suggested a protective role of vitamin D in COVID-19-related health outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) was to better explain the strength of the association between the protective role of vitamin D supplementation and the risk of mortality and admission to intensive care units (ICUs) in patients with COVID-19.

methodsWe searched four databases on 20 September 2022. Two reviewers screened the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and assessed the risk of bias, independently and in duplicate. The pre-specified outcomes of interest were mortality and ICU admission.

resultsWe identified 78 bibliographic citations. After the reviewers' screening, only five RCTs were found to be suitable for our analysis. We performed meta-analyses and then TSAs. Vitamin D administration results in a decreased risk of death and ICU admission (standardized mean difference (95% CI): 0.49 (0.34-0.72) and 0.28 (0.20-0.39), respectively). The TSA of the protective role of vitamin D and ICU admission showed that, since the pooling of the studies reached a definite sample size, the positive association is conclusive. The TSA of the protective role of vitamin D in mortality risk showed that the z-curve was inside the alpha boundaries, indicating that the positive results need further studies. DISCUSSION: The results of the meta-analyses and respective TSAs suggest a definitive association between the protective role of vitamin D and ICU hospitalization.

Indexed as

COVID-19ICU hospitalizationmeta-analysismortalitytrial sequential analysisvitamin D

Identifiers

PMID36678627
PMCPMC9864223
OpenAlexW4316464908

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.