ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Long-Term Lithium Therapy: Side Effects and Interactions.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Second-Generation Antidepressant Monotherapy for Acute Bipolar-II Depression.Psychopharmacology bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- Cancer therapy-related cognitive impairment, part 2: from bench to bedside-and back: why candidate therapies for cancer therapy-related cognitive impairment fail to translate.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Psychopharmacological Treatment in Patients with Heart Failure: A Narrative Review of Mood Stabilizers and Antipsychotics.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Lithium therapy and delayed progression of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in patients with bipolar disorder and mild neurocognitive disorders.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Role of GSK-3 Inhibition in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.Current Alzheimer research · 2026Review
- Genistein Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in an Ouabain-Induced Model of Bipolar Disorder: Behavioral and Molecular Insights.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- Impact of Lithium on the Immune System: An Investigation of T-Cell Subpopulations and Cytokine Responses in Rats.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Insights into the Incidence, Course, and Management of Lithium-Induced Hypothyroidism in Real-World Psychiatric Practice in Italy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- What Patients with Bipolar Disorder Need to Know about Lithium.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Molecular modeling analysis for functionalized graphene/sodium alginate composite.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Elucidating the pivotal molecular mechanisms, therapeutic and neuroprotective effects of lithium in traumatic brain injury.Brain and behavior · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of ultra-long-term lithium treatment: relevant factors and case series.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Review
- Retrospective analysis of lithium treatment: examination of blood levels.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Anti-seizure Medications: Challenges and Opportunities.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Facts and myths about the use of lithium for bipolar disorder in routine clinical practice: an expert consensus paper.Annals of general psychiatry · 2023Review
- Drugs with a negative impact on cognitive functions (Part 2): drug classes to consider while prescribing in CKD patients.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- Lithium chloride induces apoptosis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic cancer.Translational oncology · 2023Article
- Lithium Treatment Induces Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Chronic Lithium Toxicity in Old Age Patients Taking Angiotensin Receptor Blocker: A Case Report.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lithium remains the drug of first choice for prophylactic treatment of bipolar disorder, preventing the recurrences of manic and depressive episodes. The longitudinal experiences with lithium administration greatly exceed those with other mood stabilizers. Among the adverse side effects of lithium, renal, gastrointestinal, neurological, thyroid, metabolic, cognitive, dermatological, cardiologic, and sexual are listed. Probably, the most important negative effect of lithium, occurring mostly after 10-20 years of its administration, is interstitial nephropathy. Beneficial side-effects of long-term lithium therapy also occur such as anti-suicidal, antiviral, and anti-dementia ones. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of lithium, mostly those with other drugs, may have an impact on the success of long-term lithium treatment. This paper makes the narrative updated review of lithium-induced side-effects and interactions that may influence its prophylactic effect in bipolar disorder. Their description, mechanisms, and management strategies are provided. The papers appearing in recent years focused mainly on the long-term lithium treatment are reviewed in detail, including recent research performed at Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland. Their own observations on ultra-long lithium treatment of patients with bipolar disorder are also presented. The review can help psychiatrists to perform a successful lithium prophylaxis in bipolar patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.