ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Role of TLRs in HIV-1 Infection and Potential of TLR Agonists in HIV-1 Vaccine Development and Treatment Strategies.
Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative innate immune responses across major RNA and DNA viral infections: Mechanisms, immunopathology, and therapeutic perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Expression of Toll-like Receptors and Chemokine Receptors in the Early and Advanced Stages of HIV Infection Aggravated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A Crosstalk Between Periodontal Disease and Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Risk Assessment and Diagnosis-A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Treatment in acute HIV infection only temporarily preserves monocyte function: a comparative cohort study in adult males.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Gonadocorticoids Have Different Effects on the Expression of Toll-like Receptors When Infected with Various HIV-1 Subtypes.Viruses · 2025Article
- Biological sex and age influence GS-9620 activity ex vivo.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Editorial: The global phenotypic diversity of HIV-1: implications for pathogenesis, vaccine, and cure.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- AI discovery of TLR agonist-driven phenotypes reveals unique features of peripheral cells from healthy donors and ART-suppressed people living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Endogenous Retroviruses Unveiled: A Comprehensive Review of Inflammatory Signaling/Senescence-Related Pathways and Therapeutic Strategies.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- ATF4 Signaling in HIV-1 Infection: Viral Subversion of a Stress Response Transcription Factor.Biology · 2024Review
- The Question of HIV Vaccine: Why Is a Solution Not Yet Available?Journal of immunology research · 2024Review
- HIV-1 Integrase Inhibition Activity by Spiroketals Derived fromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Association of Toll-Like Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Tuberculosis in HIV-Positive Participants.Epigenomes · 2023Article
- Female Sex Hormones Upregulate the Replication Activity of HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6 and CRF02_AG but Not HIV-1 Subtype B.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Toll-like Receptor Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 or Co-Infection with Hepatitis B or C Virus: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants in the prevention of viral infections: an overview.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as a family of pattern recognition receptors, play an important role in the recognition of HIV-1 molecular structures by various cells of the innate immune system, but also provide a functional association with subsequent mechanisms of adaptive immunity. TLR7 and TLR8 play a particularly important role in the innate immune response to RNA viruses due to their ability to recognise GU-rich single-stranded RNA molecules and subsequently activate intracellular signalling pathways resulting in expression of genes coding for various biological response modifiers (interferons, proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines). The aim of this review is to summarise the most recent knowledge on the role of TLRs in the innate immune response to HIV-1 and the role of TLR gene polymorphisms in the biology and in the clinical aspects of HIV infections. In addition, the role of TLR agonists as latency reversing agents in research to treat HIV infections and as immunomodulators in HIV vaccine research will be discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.