ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b in Wild Birds and Live Bird Markets, Egypt.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Avian Influenza at the Wild Bird-Poultry Interface: An Asia-Focused Review with Ecological Risk Scenarios for China.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
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- The role of wild birds in the global highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 panzootic, 2020-2023.npj biodiversity · 2026Review
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- Global dynamics of avian influenza: a twenty-year analysis of highly pathogenic viruses linking the Caspian Basin, Eurasia and Africa sectors (2005-2025).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- Genomic and evolutionary characterization of newly emerged highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade (2023-2025).Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Genomic surveillance and evolution of co-circulating avian influenza H5N1 and H5N8 viruses in Egypt, 2022-2024.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Spatial risk mapping of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Morocco using geographic information system and multi-criteria decision analysis: Implications for targeted surveillance and control.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Emergence of a novel reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N2) Virus, 2024.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Article
- Determination of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Persistence Following a 2024 Backyard Poultry Outbreak in Romania.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in the United States: recent incursions and spillover to cattle.Npj viruses · 2025Review
- Newcastle disease virus in Egyptian domestic poultry, 2019-2021: Molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and coinfection with avian influenza A virus.Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Pathogenicity of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A/H5Nx Viruses in Avian and Murine Models.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in wild rats in Egypt during 2023.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Article
- Correction: El-Shesheny et al. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b in Wild Birds and Live Bird Markets, Egypt.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx influenza viruses have further diversified into several subclades. Sub-clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses have been widely circulating in wild birds and detected in Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America since October 2020. In this study, we report the first detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in wild birds and domestic ducks from live bird markets in Egypt. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Egyptian H5N1 virus retained the genomic composition of Eurasian strains. Mutations in the viral proteins associated with zoonotic potential and pathogenicity were detected in Egyptian isolates. Egypt is considered a hot spot for the evolution of the influenza virus, so active surveillance of avian influenza viruses in Egypt is warranted.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.